Background:Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the world’s
deadliest infectious diseases. Tumor necrosis factor-Alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin 8 (IL-8) are involved
in the pathogenesis of pulmonary TB (PTB). However, the contribution of
polymorphisms of these cytokines to PTB susceptibility needed more
investigation across geographic regions and ethnic groups. Purpose: The
aim of this study was to investigate the association of the TNF-α-308 G/A and IL-8-251T/A polymorphisms
with PTB risk in the Congolese population. Methods: This case-control
study included 150 PTB patients and 160 control subjects. Blood samples were collected
from all participants and were used for the TNF-α-308 G/A and IL-8-251T/A genotyping by polymerase chain
reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. Odds
ratios (OR) were calculated to estimate the potential polymorphism
associations. A P level of < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: A significant difference was found between PTB patients and controls regarding
the TNF-α-308AA genotype (P = 0.035) distribution. Moreover, this
genotype was associated with risk to TB (OR = 7.19, 95%CI = 0.85 - 60.65, P = 0.035). The A allele was significantly more frequent in PTB patients than
in controls, and was associated with risk to PTB (OR = 1.68, 95%CI = 1.05 - 2.68, P = 0.
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