Tissue culture techniques are widely used for the
mass propagation of many species. In cashew in
vitro propagation, some protocols need to be established at this end. The
present work was carried out to evaluate the conditions for in vitro regeneration of cashew
seedlings from micropropagation by organogenesis
on Benin genotypes. Nodal explants from one-month-old cashew seedlings
in the greenhouse and cotyledonary nodes from in vitro germination were used for this purpose. BAP and kinetin
were evaluated alone at 2.2 mg/L and then the combination of 2.2 mg/L BAP + 0.2
mg/L IBA was also evaluated. The response of axillary bud proliferation on
explants was obtained with both cotyledonary nodes and axillary buds from
different combinations of growth regulators. However, the best responses were
recorded with cotyledonary nodes. When 2.2 mg/L BAP was used, 80% of the
explants responded with numerous proliferation (5 to 8) buds (5.75 ± 0.12) with
good shoot length (6.73 ± 0.3 cm) on MS medium containing 150 mL coconut water.
Rooting was observed with the combination of NAA (2.5 mg/l) + IBA (2.5 mg/l) on
1/2 MS containing 40 g/l sucrose.
References
[1]
Azam-Ali, S.H. and Judge, E.C. (2001) Small-Scale Cashew Nut Processing. ITDG Schumacher Centre for Technology and Development Bourton on Dunsmore, Coventry, UK. https://www.fao.org/3/ac306e/ac306e.pdf
[2]
Chemonics International Inc. (2002) Overview of the Nigerian Sesame Industry. Prepared for The United States Agency for International Development (USAID), Chemonics International Inc., Abuja, 8.
[3]
Orwa, C., Mutua, A., Kindt, R., Jamnadass, R. and Simons, A. (2009) Agroforestree Database: A Tree Reference and Selection Guide. Version 4.
[4]
Catarino, L., Menezes, Y. and Sardinha, R. (2015) Cashew Cultivation in Guinea-Bissau-Risks and Challenges of the Success of a Cash Crop. Scientia Agricola, 72, 459-467. https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-9016-2014-0369
[5]
Konan, N.A. and Bacchi, E.M. (2007) Antiulcerogenic Effect and Acute Toxicity of a Hydroethanolic Extract from the Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) Leaves. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 112, 237-242.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2007.03.003
[6]
Melo Cavalcante M, A.A., Rubensam, G., Picada, J.N., Gomes da Silva, E., Fonseca Moreira, J.C. and Henriques, J.A. (2003) Mutagenicity, Antioxidant Potential, and Antimutagenic Activity against Hydrogen Peroxide of Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) Apple Juice and Cajuina. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 41, 360-369. https://doi.org/10.1002/em.10158
[7]
Chabi Sika, K., Adoukonou-Sagbadja, H., Ahoton, L.E., Adebo, I., Adigoun, F.A., Saidou, A. and Baba-Moussa, L. (2013) Indigenous Knowledge and Traditional Management of Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) Genetic Resources in Benin. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 1, 375-382.
[8]
Masawe, P.A., Matos, R.B., N’djolosse, K., Manigui, S.A. and Kodjo, S. (2020) oCashew Cultivation in Africa. TechnoServe, Virginia.
[9]
Mneney, E.E. and Mantell, S.H. (2001) In Vitro Micrografting of Cashew. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 66, 49-58.
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010687629985
[10]
Aoudji, A., De Weerdt, L., Van Passel, S., Van Schoubroeck, S., Neema Ciza, A., Berti, F. and Lebailly, P. (2021) Analyse institutionnelle de la chaîne de valeur noix de cajou au Bénin: Rapport final provisoire 04 Juin 2021.
[11]
Mantell, S., Boggett, B., Bessa, A., Lemos, E., Abdelhad, A. and Mneney, E. (1998) Micropropagation and Micrografting Methods Suitable for Safe International Transfer of Cashew. Proceedings of International Cashew and Coconut Conference, Dares Salaam, 17-21 February 1997, 95-107.
[12]
Das, S., Jha, T.B. and Jha, S. (1996) In Vitro Propagation of Cashew Nut. Plant Cell Reports, 15, 615-619. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00232464
[13]
da Silva, A.L.L., de Oliveira, Y., Costa, J. da L., Mudry, C. de S., Procopiuk, M., Scheidt, G.N., et al. (2011) Preliminary Results for Genetic Transformation of Shoot Tip of Eucalyptus saligna sm via Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Journal of Biotectecnology and Biodiversity, 2, 1-6.
https://doi.org/10.20873/jbb.uft.cemaf.v2n1.silva
[14]
Rodrigues, J. (1995) Development of Selection and Clonal Propagation Techniques for Multiplication of Yield and Anthracnose Tolerant Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.). First Year Scientific Progress Report, EU Contract No. TS 3 CP 93-0221.
[15]
Thanishka, V., Kottearachchi, N.S. and Attanayake, D.P.S.T.G.J.S. (2009) Callus induction and in vitro organogenesis in cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.). Proceedings of 9th Agricultural Research Symposium, Sri Lanka, 11-12 August 2009, 316-320.
[16]
Thimmappaiah. (1997) In Vitro Studies on the Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.). Ph.D. Thesis. Mangalore University, Karnataka, 239 p.
[17]
Keshavachandran, and Riji (2005) Standardization of in Vitro Micrografting Techniques in Cashew. Proceedings of National Symposium of Biotechnological Interventions for Improvement of Horticultural Crops: Issues and Strategies. Kerala Agricultural University, Kerala, 205 p.
[18]
Sija S.L., Potty V.P. and Santhoshlal P.S. (2016) In Vitro Shoot Proliferation from Excised Shoot Tip and Nodal Segment of Anacardium occidentale L. International Journal of Current Microbiology Applied Science, 5, 635-642.
https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2016.503.074
[19]
Murashige, T. and Skoog, F. (1962) A Revised Medium for Rapid Growth and Bio Assays with Tobacco Tissue Cultures. Physiologia Plantarum, 15, 473-497.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1962.tb08052.x
[20]
Dagnelie, P. (1998) Statistique théorique et appliquée. Tome 2. In: Inférence Statistique à Une et à Deux Dimensions. De Boeck & Larcier, Bruxelles. 659 p.
[21]
Dagnelie, P. (1980) Théorie et méthodes statistiques. II. Applications agronomiques. Les Presses agronomiques de Gembloux, Gembloux, 463 p.
[22]
Shekhawat, M.S., Kannan, N., Manokari, M. and Ravindran, C.P. (2015) Enhanced Micropropagation Protocol of Morinda citrifolia L. through Nodal Explants. Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 2, 174-181.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmap.2015.06.002
[23]
Youmbi, E. and Benbadis, A. (2001) Régénération in Vitro de plants à partir des bourgeons axillaires et apex de plantules sexuées de Dacryodes edulis (Don) Lam. Fruits, 56, 333-343.
[24]
Jay-Allemand, C. and Cornu, D. (1986) Culture in Vitro d’embryons isolés de noyer commun (Juglans regia L.). Annals Science Forest, 43, 189-198.
https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:19860205
[25]
Muhammad, A. and Faheem, A. (2016) Establishment of Embryogenic Cultures and Efficient Plant Regeneration System from Explants of Forced Softwood Shoots of Teak. Horticultural Plant Journal, 2, 293-300.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2017.01.008
[26]
Tambarussi, E.V., Rogalski, M., Galeano, E., Brondani, G.E., Martin, V.D.F.D., Silva, L.A.D. and Carrer, H. (2017) Efficient and New Method for Tectona grandis in Vitro Regeneration. Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 17, 124-132.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332017v17n2a19
