Background:Worldwide, the prevalence of sickle cell disease (SCD) as of 2016 was
estimated at 2%; that is 300,000
births annually. This study was focused on homozygous sickle cell disease which
leads to several complications notably hemolytic crises, aplastic crises and
vaso-occlusive crises like stroke. Sickle cell disease is the most common cause
of childhood stroke. Stroke occurs in 17% - 24% of
sickle cell children worldwide. Objectives: Todetermine the risk factors for overt stroke and outcome at discharge in
sickle cell disease patients admitted in two reference hospitals in Cameroon. Method: This was a case-control study in two reference hospitals in Yaounde and
Douala, carried out over the duration of 4 months, covering a 5-year period
(December 2013 to December 2018). Included in the study, were all homozygous
sickle cell children aged 6 months to 16 years during that period with or
without stroke. A total of 1734 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Out
of these, 49 stroke patients participated and 687 were selected as controls.
Data was collected from the patients’ files and books on a pretested data
collection form, then entered in the software C.S Pro 7.1 before analysis.
Stroke outcome at discharge was assessed using the modified Rankin scale (mRs)
with structured interview. A patient was classified as good outcome if mRs
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