Background: Neonatal sepsis is a global health problem that
mainly affects low- and middle-income countries. We have previously shown that
early neonatal mortality is high at the Ho Teaching Hospital (HTH) of Ghana. We
sought to determine the prevalence of neonatal sepsis, sepsis-related
mortality, and bacterial species patterns in neonatal and young infant sepsis
in this hospital.Methods:A hospital-based study was conducted in the
hospital’s neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from March to June 2018. Blood
samples from 96 babies clinically diagnosed with or at risk of sepsis were
cultured using the BACTEC 9050®？machine. Clinical data including gravida,
parity and antibiotic medication before delivery of mother and delivery type,
gestation, birth weight and antibiotic medication status were collected for
analysis. MALDI-TOF MS identified bacterial isolates, and their identities were
confirmed via tuf gene sequence typing. The data were analyzed using
GraphPad Prism 8.0.2.Results: Blood cultures were positive in 28 of the babies,
with 14 and 12 representing early-onset and late-onset neonatal sepsis,
respectively, and two cases of unknown sepsis type. Of the bacterial species
that caused sepsis in the babies, coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) was
the most prevalent isolate in 22 cases, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae in two and Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, the
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