A Critical Edition And Critique Of Mu？ammad ？ayāt Al-Sindī's (D. 1163/1750) Refutation Of Wa？dah Al-Wujūd ？n His Work Entitled Fat？ Al-Wadūd `Alā Wa？dah Al-Wujūd

Ibn ？Arabī's (d. 638/1240) interpretation of taw？īd (oneness of God) in the form of wa？dah al-wujūd (oneness of being) has hitherto been a topic on which the most works have been authored in favor or against it, that is to say, a topic most written on in its refutation and defense. It is possible to explain the criticisms of those who do not accept wa？dah al-wujūd-centered Sufism, which had established Ibn ？Arabī as its pioneer, as criticisms of wa？dah al-wujūd rooted in critiques that are mostly from those who reject Sufistic interpretations of the religion and accept Sufism prior to Ibn ？Arabī. Mu？ammad ？ayāt al-Sindī was a Sufi belonging to the Naqshbandi tariqah who had followed Ibn Taymiyyah (d. 728/1328) and, like him, accepted to a large extent pre-Ibn ？Arabī Sufism and negated Ibn ？Arabī and his followers. At the same time, ？ayāt al-Sindī was one of the most influential teachers of Mu？ammad b. ？Abd al-Wahhāb (d. 1206/1792) who was foremost to principally reject Sufistic interpretations of the religion. This paper will present a critical edition of ？ayāt al-Sindī's narrations and refutations of Ibn ？Arabī, Konevī (d. 673/1274), Tilimsānī (d. 690/1291), and Ibn Fāri？ (d. 632/1235) which was compiled under Fat？ al-Wadūd `alā Wa？dah al-Wujūd, and in addition it will comparatively analyze it with another one of his Sufi works, Shar？ al-Hikam al-？Atāiyyah and al-I？ānah al-Samadiyyah fī al-？arīqah al-Naqshbandiyyah, and discuss the consistency of the refutation. The intended objective in translating and presenting a critical edition of ？ayāt al-Sindī's criticism of wa？dah al-wujūd in Fat？ al-Wadūd and partially comparing it with Sindī's other Sufi work, and attempting to present ？ayāt al-Sindī