Multi-Omics Strategies Uncover Host–Pathogen Interactions

With the success of the Human Genome Project, large-scale systemic projects became a reality that enabled rapid development of the systems biology field. Systems biology approaches to host–pathogen interactions have been instrumental in the discovery of some specifics of Gram-negative bacterial recognition, host signal transduction, and immune tolerance. However, further research, particularly using multi-omics approaches, is essential to untangle the genetic, immunologic, (post)transcriptional, (post)translational, and metabolic mechanisms underlying progression from infection to clearance of microbes. The key to understanding host–pathogen interactions lies in acquiring, analyzing, and modeling multimodal data obtained through integrative multi-omics experiments. In this article, we will discuss how multi-omics analyses are adding to our understanding of the molecular basis of host–pathogen interactions and systemic maladaptive immune response of the host to microbes and microbial products