Vertical, electrolyte-gated organic transistors show continuous operation in the MA？cm？2 regime and artificial synaptic behaviour

Until now, organic semiconductors have failed to achieve high performance in highly integrated, sub-100？nm transistors. Consequently, single-crystalline materials such as single-walled carbon nanotubes, MoS2 or inorganic semiconductors are the materials of choice at the nanoscale. Here we show, using a vertical field-effect transistor design with a channel length of only 40？nm and a footprint of 2？×？80？×？80？nm2, that high electrical performance with organic polymers can be realized when using electrolyte gating. Our organic transistors combine high on-state current densities of above 3？MA？cm？2, on/off current modulation ratios of up to 108 and large transconductances of up to 5,000？S？m？1. Given the high on-state currents at such large on/off ratios, our novel structures also show promise for use in artificial neural networks, where they could operate as memristive devices with sub-100？fJ energy usage