%0 Journal Article %T Vertical, electrolyte-gated organic transistors show continuous operation in the MA£¿cm£¿2 regime and artificial synaptic behaviour %J - %D 2019 %R https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-019-0407-0 %X Until now, organic semiconductors have failed to achieve high performance in highly integrated, sub-100£¿nm transistors. Consequently, single-crystalline materials such as single-walled carbon nanotubes, MoS2 or inorganic semiconductors are the materials of choice at the nanoscale. Here we show, using a vertical field-effect transistor design with a channel length of only 40£¿nm and a footprint of 2£¿¡Á£¿80£¿¡Á£¿80£¿nm2, that high electrical performance with organic polymers can be realized when using electrolyte gating. Our organic transistors combine high on-state current densities of above 3£¿MA£¿cm£¿2, on/off current modulation ratios of up to 108 and large transconductances of up to 5,000£¿S£¿m£¿1. Given the high on-state currents at such large on/off ratios, our novel structures also show promise for use in artificial neural networks, where they could operate as memristive devices with sub-100£¿fJ energy usage %U https://www.nature.com/articles/s41565-019-0407-0