Deficiency of TLR4 ameliorates hypoperfusion-induced brain pathology

Microglial inflammatory activation contributes to chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced brain pathology. This editorial highlights a study by Qin et al. (Theranostics 2018; 8(19):5434-5451. doi:10.7150/thno.27882) that deficiency of TLR4 attenuates cognitive dysfunction and white matter injury by reducing autophagy and pro-inflammatory activation in microglia.