637. Β-Lactam (BL) Antibiotics Promote an IL-1β Response in Patients with Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia (SaB)

BL therapy has been associated with reduced SaB duration compared with non-BL therapy. It has been shown that patients with SaB who fail to generate increased serum IL-1β are at risk for prolonged SaB (> 4 days duration), a predictor of mortality. This suggests a major role for the IL-1β host response in prompt clearance of SaB. Furthermore, BL result in reduced peptidoglycan cross-linking, reduced peptidoglycan O-acetylation, and increased alpha-toxin expression, all of which have independently been shown to enhance IL-1β release. This study aims to show that BL therapy results in a more robust IL-1β host response compared with non-BL therapy to explain, in part, more rapid SaB clearance