Trabid inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma growth and metastasis by cleaving RNF8-induced K63 ubiquitination of Twist1

Trabid is markedly decreased in HCC which predicts poor prognosis. a The levels of Trabid protein in 10 pairs of HCC and matched adjacent nontumorous tissues were measured using Western blot. b The quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to measure the levels of Trabid mRNA in the above samples. RT-PCR analysis of Trabid expression in healthy control tissues, matched adjacent nontumorous tissues, and HCC tissues (c1). RT-PCR was used to measure Trabid expression in liver tissues from patients with different recurrence statuses (c2), or metastasis statuses (c3), or tumor volumes (c4), or disease stages (c5). c6 qPCR assays and WB of Trabid expression in normal hepatocytes, normal liver cell lines, and HCC cell lines. d Representative images of immunohistochemical (IHC) staining in tissue microarray-based IHC study of Trabid, and the percentage of patients with different expression of Trabid based on TNM stage. e, f Compared with patients with high Trabid levels in two cohorts, patients with low Trabid levels have a higher probability of recurrence and poorer overall surviva