Macrophages exposed to HIV viral protein disrupt lung epithelial cell integrity and mitochondrial bioenergetics via exosomal microRNA shuttling

Human MDMs were infected with HIV-1 for 8 days. MiRNAs were extracted and analyzed via qRT-PCR and normalized to U6 gene. a miR-155; b miR-23a; c miR-27a; d miR-21. Student’s test, *p？<？0.05. THP-1-derived macrophages and human MDMs were treated with recombinant HIV viral protein Tat (100？ng/ml) and gp120 (100？ng/ml), respectively. Twenty-four hours later, expression levels of miRNAs were analyzed by qRT-PCR and normalized to U6 gene. e miR-155; f miR-23a; g miR-27a; h miR-21. Student’s test, *p？<？0.0