Resveratrol enhances pluripotency of mouse embryonic stem cells by activating AMPK/Ulk1 pathway

a Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis of cell cycle phase distribution of mESCs untreated and treated with 10？μM of resveratrol for 1 and 3 days. b Top panel: cell index curves of untreated and resveratrol-treated (10？μM) mESCs were generated using the xCELLigence RTCA DP system. The proliferation rates were registered every 15？min for 55？h; error bars correspond as means ±？SEM (n？=？4). Bottom panel: the values were obtained at the whole proliferation curve at 0–55？h. c Western blot of total lysates from control mESCs and mESCs treated with resveratrol (10？μM) for the indicated periods of time; antibodies against H2AX (Ser139) and α-Tubulin for endogenous control were used. The representative of experiments repeated at least three times is shown. d Left panel: flow cytometric analysis of apoptotic cells using Annexin V surface staining and propidium iodide (PI). Shown are dot plots of the fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated Annexin V versus PI staining for mESCs untreated and treated with resveratrol for the indicated periods of time. Right panel: representation of flow cytometry results from the left panel as diagram; error bars correspond to the SEM calculated for three replicate