When fats commit crimes: fatty acid metabolism, cancer stemness and therapeutic resistance

Fatty acid metabolism in cancer. Key enzymes involved in fatty acid (FA) metabolism. Orange-highlighted enzymes have been reported as altered in cancer or associated with cancer stemness. ACC acetyl-CoA carboxylase, ACLY ATP citrate lyase, ACSS2 acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2, FASN fatty acid synthase, CPT1/2 carnitine/palmitoyl-transferase 1/2, CACT carnitine acylcarnitine translocase, FAO fatty acid oxidation, IDH isocitrate dehydrogenase, TCA cycle tricarboxylic acid cycle, PDK pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, PDH pyruvate dehydrogenase, P phosphorylation, U ubiquitylation, Ac acetylatio