围孕期妇女4种生活因素与新生儿先天性心脏病关系的广义线性模型分析
Generalized linear model analysis of the relationship of four kinds of prenatal lifestyle factors and congenital heart disease

摘要：目的 探讨围孕期被动吸烟、染烫发、噪音污染、装修污染4种生活因素与新生儿先天性心脏病的关系。方法 采用以医院为基础的病例对照研究方法，对270名病例及1 633名对照进行一对一问卷调查。采用广义线性模型分析围孕期生活因素对先天性心脏病的影响。结果 在建立的2个模型中均未发现妇女围孕期染烫发与先天性心脏病的关联，而围孕期妇女被动吸烟、噪音污染、装修污染均能增加新生儿先天性心脏病发生的风险。校正完所有的混杂因素后发现，被动吸烟、噪音污染、装修污染的OR值分别为1.771(95% CI：1.079～2.909)、2.079(95% CI：1.310～3.298)、2.494(95% CI：1.511～4.116)。结论 妇女围孕期被动吸烟、噪音污染、装修污染是新生儿先天性心脏病发生的危险因素，为预防新生儿先天性心脏病的发生，应注意避免围孕期被动吸烟、噪音污染及装修污染。
ABSTRACT: Objective?? To explore the relationship of four kinds of lifestyle factors, namely, prenatal passive smoking, hair dyeing or perming, exposure to noise, living in a house renovated in the past one year, with congenital heart disease. Methods?? A hospital-based case-control study was conducted. Totally 270 mothers in the case group and 1633 mothers in the control group were interviewed through a face-to-face questionnaire survey. A generalized linear model was employed to investigate the association between congenital heart disease and prenatal lifestyle factors. Results?? Both in Model 1 and Model 2, prenatal hair dyeing or perming had no association with congenital heart disease. On the other hand, prenatal passive smoking, exposure to noise and living in a house renovated in the past one year all increased the risk of congenital heart disease. After adjustment for all confounders, the OR values were 1.771 (95% CI: 1.079-2.909), 2.079 (95% CI: 1.310-3.298), and 2.494 (95% CI: 1.511-4.116), respectively. Conclusion?? Prenatal passive smoking, exposure to noise and living in a house renovated in the past one year are the risk factors for congenital heart disease. It is very important to avoid such factors during pre-pregnancy and pregnancy