4. Jain AP, Pundir S, Sharma A. Bone morphogenetic proteins:The anomalous molecules. J Indian Soc Periodontol, 2013, 17(5):583-586.
[2]
6. Than KD, Rahman SU, Vanaman MJ, et al. Bone morphogenetic proteins and degenerative disk disease. Neurosurgery, 2012, 70(4):996-1002.
[3]
7. Hiyama A, Sakai D, Tanaka M, et al. The relationship between the Wnt/β-catenin and TGF-β/BMP signals in the intervertebral disc cell. J Cell Physiol, 2011, 226(5):1139-1148.
[4]
8. Chen D, Ji X, Harris MA, et al. Differential roles for bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor type IB and IA in differentiation and specification of mesenchymal precursor cells to osteoblast and adipocyte lineages. J Cell Biol, 1998, 142(1):295-305.
[5]
3. Maerz T, Herkowitz H, Baker K. Molecular and genetic advances in the regeneration of the intervertebral disc. Surg Neurol Int, 2013, 4(Suppl 2):S94-S105.
[6]
1. Stefanakis M, Luo J, Pollintine P, et al. IS SLS Prize winner:Mechanical influences in progressive intervertebral disc degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2014, 39(17):1365-1372.
[7]
2. Neidlinger-Wilke C, Galbusera F, Pratsinis H, et al. Mechanical loading of the intervertebral disc:from the macroscopic to the cellular level. Eur Spine J, 2014, 23 Suppl 3:S333-343.
[8]
5. Takae R, Matsunaga S, Origuchi N, et al. Immunolocalization of bone morphogenetic protein and its receptors in degeneration of intervertebral disc. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 1999, 24(14):1397-1401.
[9]
9. Rui YF, Lui PP, Ni M, et al. Mechanical loading increased BMP-2 expression which promoted osteogenic differentiation of tendon-derived stem cells. J Orthop Res, 2011, 29(3):390-396.
[10]
10. Susperregui AR, Vi？als F, Ho PW, et al. BMP-2 regulation of PTHrP and osteoclastogenic factors during osteoblast differentiation of C2C12 cells. J Cell Physiol, 2008, 216(1):144-152.
[11]
11. Huang B, Liu LT, Li CQ, et al. Study to determine the presence of progenitor cells in the degenerated human cartilage endplates. Eur Spine J, 2012, 21(4):613-622.
[12]
12. Liu LT, Huang B, Li CQ, et al. Characteristics of stem cells derived from the degenerated human intervertebral disc cartilage endplate. PLoS One, 2011, 6(10):e26285.
[13]
13. Burdick JA, Vunjak-Novakovic G. Engineered microenvironments for controlled stem cell differentiation. Tissue Eng Part A, 2009, 15(2):205-219.
15. Dado D, Sagi M, Levenberg S, et al. Mechanical control of stem cell differentiation. Regen Med, 2012, 7(1):101-116.
[16]
16. Camilleri S, McDonald F. Runx2 and dental development. Eur J Oral Sci, 2006, 114(5):361-373.
[17]
17. Kanno T, Takahashi T, Ariyoshi W, et al. Tensile mechanical strain up-regulates Runx2 and osteogenic factor expression in human periosteal cells:implications for distraction osteogenesis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2005, 63(4):499-504.
[18]
18. Stein GS, Lian JB. Molecular mechanisms mediating proliferation/differentiation interrelationships during progressive development of the osteoblast phenotype. Endocr Rev, 1993, 14(4):424-442.
[19]
19. Sumanasinghe RD, Bernacki SH, Loboa EG. Osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells in collagen matrices:effect of uniaxial cyclic tensile strain on bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2) mRNA expression. Tissue Eng, 2006, 12(12):3459-3465.
[20]
20. Sowa G, Vadalà G, Studer R, et al. Characterization of intervertebral disc aging:longitudinal analysis of a rabbit model by magnetic resonance imaging, histology, and gene expression. Spine, 2008, 33(17):1821-1828.
[21]
21. Yang X, Gong P, Lin Y, et al. Cyclic tensile stretch modulates osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells via the BMP-2 pathway. Arch Med Sci, 2010, 6(2):152-159.
[22]
22. Sato M, Ochi T, Nakase T, et al. Mechanical tension-stress induces expression of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and BMP-4, but not BMP-6, BMP-7, and GDF-5 mRNA, during distraction osteogenesis. J Bone Miner Res, 1999, 14(7):1084-1095.
[23]
23. Wright E, Hargrave MR, Christiansen J, et al. The Sry-related gene Sox9 is expressed during chondrogenesis in mouse embryos. Nat Genet, 1995, 9(1):15-20.
[24]
24. Bi W, Deng JM, Zhang Z, et al. Sox9 is required for cartilage formation. Nat Genet, 1999, 22(1):85-89.
[25]
25. Paul R, Haydon RC, Cheng H, et al. Potential use of Sox9 gene therapy for intervertebral degenerative disc disease. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2003, 28(8):755-763.
