Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a frequent diagnosis in oligomenorrheic
and infertile Nigerian women. However, to date there is a paucity of data on
the prevalence of PCOS in Nigerian women. The objective of this study was to
investigate the prevalence of PCOS in a cross-section of women attending
Infertility Clinics in Benin City, Nigeria using the three assessment criteria
namely: the 1990 National Institutes of Health (NIH), the 2003 Rotterdam and
2006 Androgen Excess Society (AES) criteria. Method: Four hundred and
twenty-one consecutive infertile premenopausal women aged 18 - 45years
were recruited and evaluated with a proforma that elicited information about
their maternal and reproductive health history. Blood samples were analyzed for
hormone levels using standard immunoassay procedures, while trans-vaginal
ultrasound scan was carried out to determine the presence of ultrasonic
features of PCOS. The control group comprised of eumenorrheics (n=180). Results: An estimated prevalence of biochemical hyperandrogenism (BHA) was as high as
20.9% (88 women), while 3.6% (15 women) presented with clinical
hyperandrogenism (CHA). Also the prevalence of polycystic ovaries (PCO) was
13.8%. The prevalence of PCOS based on NIH, Rotterdam and AES criteria was
16.9% (71 women), 27.6% (116 women) and 20.7% (87 women) respectively. However,
women with PCOS were significantly younger and had higher
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