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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
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同源四倍体与二倍体水稻基因组及甲基化差异分析
DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00630, PP. 630-636
Keywords: 同源四倍体,二倍体水稻,甲基化,甲基敏感扩增多态性（msap）
Abstract:
dna甲基化在真核生物的生长发育过程中起着重要的调控作用.为了解水稻同源四倍体与二倍体之间的基因组及甲基化修饰差异，探究二倍体与同源四倍体的遗传差异和基因组dna甲基化水平及模式变化，以冈46b、明恢63、绵恢725、成恢149、海天、什香6个二倍体水稻及相应的6个同源四倍体水稻为材料，采用微卫星分子标记技术（ssr）及甲基化敏感扩增多态性（methylation-sensitiveamplificationpolymorphism，msap）分析等方法进行研究.ssr结果显示，所试同源四倍体水稻的基因组与二倍体水稻基因组大部分相同，采用的引物中有3对引物多态性较好，在不同倍性水稻间扩增出特异性条带.经不同倍性甲基化水平分析，同源四倍体材料的平均总甲基化率（24.0%）明显低于二倍体材料的平均总甲基化率（28.15%）.两个倍性材料间的全甲基化与半甲基化差异也较大：二倍体材料的全甲基化率平均为6.24%，半甲基化率平均为22.03%；同源四倍体水稻材料全甲基化率平均为7.44%，半甲基化率平均为16.61%.甲基化程度并未因多倍化而增加，这说明同一品种水稻的二倍体与同源四倍体间的dna发生了甲基化修饰变化.进一步对不同倍性水稻dna甲基化模式的变化特征进行分析，结果显示同源四倍体水稻中平均约有11.6%发生了去甲基化，平均约有24.11%位点发生了过甲基化，过甲基化基因的比例显著高于去甲基化的比例.研究表明同源四倍体水稻可能通过对一些功能基因的甲基化不表达，以缓和基因组加倍剂量效应造成的影响.图4表5参29
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