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物理化学学报 2009
使用化学参考物质计算和阐明元素的标准化学放射本能Keywords: thermodynamics,chemicalexergy,referencespecies,element Abstract: exergyistheamountofworkobtainablewhensomematterisbroughttoastateofthermodynamicequilibriumwiththecommoncomponentsofthenaturalsurroundingsbymeansofreversibleprocesses,involvinginteractiononlywiththeabovementionedcomponentsofnature.thispaperpresentsstandardchemicalexergyvaluesfor85elements.referencespeciesintheatmosphere(air),dissolvedinthehydrosphere(oceans),andcontainedinthelithosphere(minerals)areusedforthesecalculations.standardchemicalexergyvaluesofelementswerecalculatedfromtabulatedvaluesobtainedforstandardconditions(anambienttemperatureof298.15kandanatmosphericpressureof0.1mpa).verylowconcentrationsofelementsintheatmosphereandoceansandtheabundanceofelementsintheearth'scrustarenolongerusedindeterminingreferencestatesforchemicalelements.liquidandgasmixturesgenerallyarenotusefulasreferencestates.asaresultoftheworkinthispaper,atableofthechemicalexergyvaluesofmanyelementsintheperiodictableunderstandardconditionswastabulated.
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