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地球学报  2010 

尼日尔特吉达地区砂岩中铀的热流体成矿作用

DOI: 10.3975/cagsb.2010.06.06

Keywords: 砂岩,,热流体,特吉达,尼日尔

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Abstract:

通过野外详细地质调查、钻孔观察、岩芯编录、地质现象素描等方法,结合室内工作及前人的研究成果,对尼日尔特吉达地区的铀矿化的研究成果显示,特吉达地区砂岩中铀主要为热流体成矿,与前人的氧化带成矿作用认识完全不同。区内主要含矿目的层(白垩世早期阿萨乌阿组)为中粒—中粗粒石英砂岩、长石石英砂岩,多数含砾。根据阿萨乌阿组砂岩的磨圆、分选好和发育向上变粗序列以及冲洗交错层理等特征确定,阿萨乌阿组形成于湖滨浅湖砂坝沉积。电子探针成分和背散射电子图像分析表明:铀矿物主要为沥青铀矿、铀石、吸附铀等,沥青铀矿和铀石常紧密共生,呈粒状、微脉状或浸染状,伴有较强的铜矿化。热流体蚀变形成的方解石、棕色方沸石、绢云母等大量出现,它们与铀成矿关系密切。成岩期的菱铁矿在后来的氧化中形成赤铁矿/针铁矿(褐铁矿)化。根据与方解石共生的白云石的摩尔数计算的方解石的形成温度表明,最高温度为385℃,最低为178℃,平均为251~300℃。

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