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京沪高铁影响下的区域公路可达性空间分异特征研究

Keywords: 京沪高铁,可达性,公平性,空间格局

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Abstract:

在GIS技术和空间数据库支撑下,应用最短路径算法与网络分析技术及可达性指数,测度高铁通车前后案例区公路可达性空间格局与变化,采用变异系数与斯皮尔曼等级系数测算高铁的公平性影响.结果显示:①高铁从整体上提高区域公路可达性水平,极大地缩短中心城市间的时间距离,但各地可达性收益不等,可达性均衡程度降低.②高铁塑造高可达性“走廊”与“岛”.加权旅行时间高变率地区呈现出“哑铃状”,表明高铁沿线站点地区与南北端城市获益最多.经济潜力与日常可达性高值区向高铁沿线城市偏移,反映站点城市接收中心城市辐射能力提高;高铁沿线城市日常可达人口规模急剧膨胀,扩大沿线城市服务业的市场范围.③高铁站点依靠其在快速交通网络节点的枢纽作用,将成为区域重要的快速交通中转站.

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