全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

夏季长江口无机氮的加入与转移偏移理论稀释曲线的解释

, PP. 77-87

Keywords: 长江口,硝酸盐,亚硝酸盐,铵盐,理论稀释

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

利用2006年夏季长江口调查数据分析了长江口海域硝酸盐(NO-3)、亚硝酸盐(NO-2)、铵盐(NH+4)大面分布,NO-3浓度呈近岸高、外海低的特征,NO-2和NH+4浓度在上海市排污口位置有高值区并向外扩散。NO-3,NH+4浓度总体上符合咸淡水混合之稀释效应,与盐度的相关系数(r2)分别为0.815,0.255,呈保守行为,而NO-2浓度与盐度的相关性系数为0.074,呈非保守行为。在确定了淡水端元和咸水端元的基础上,做出理论稀释曲线TDL(theoreticaldilutionline),由于上海市污染物的输入,淡水端元NO-3,NO-2,NH+4浓度不同程度地正偏于TDL,在外海深层水范围内有机颗粒矿化再生亦呈加入态势。对应高溶解氧的盐度羽状峰处,由于真光层初级生产较强,表层NO-3浓度负偏于TDL约1~19μmol/dm3,NO-2,NH+4浓度也存在不同程度的减小。在长江口最大浑浊带附近,由于高浓度悬浮物吸附NH+4而呈现明显的迁出机制。外海表层海水三氮营养盐浓度数据点偏离TDL程度较小,但在底层由于来自上层的有机颗粒耗氧分解而再生出营养盐,使NO-3,NO-2,NH+4浓度数据一般在TDL之上。

References

[1]  BAO X, MASATAKA W, WANG Q, et al. Nitrogen budgets of agricultural fields of the Changjiang River basin from 1980 to 1990[J]. Sci Total Environ, 2006, 363: 136—148.
[2]  沈志良. 三峡工程对长江口海区营养盐分布变化影响的研究[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 1991, 22(6): 540—546.
[3]  EDMOND J M, SPIVACK A, GRANT B C, e al. Chemical dynamics of the estuary of the Changjiang River //Proceedings of International Symposium on Sedimentation on the Continental Shelf,n1. with special reference to the East China Sea. Beijing:China Ocean Press, 1983.251—262.
[4]  李道季, 张经, 黄大吉, 等. 长江口外氧的亏损[J]. 中国科学:D辑, 2002, 32(8): 686—694.
[5]  周名江, 朱明远, 张经. 中国赤潮的发生趋势和研究进展[J]. 生命科学, 2001, 13(2): 53—59.
[6]  王保栋, 战闰, 臧家业. 长江口及其邻近海域营养盐的分布特征和输送途径[J]. 海洋学报, 2002, 24(1): 53—58.
[7]  周俊丽, 刘征涛, 孟伟, 等. 长江口营养盐浓度变化及分布特征[J]. 环境科学研究, 2006, 19(6): 139—144.
[8]  叶仙森, 张勇, 项有堂. 长江口海域营养盐的分布特征及其成因[J]. 海洋通报, 2000, 19(1): 89—92.
[9]  TIAN R C, HU F X, MARTIN J M. Summer nutrient fronts in the Changjiang (Yangtze River) Estuary[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 1993, 37: 27—41.
[10]  浦泳修. 夏季长江冲淡水的扩展机制初析[J]. 东海海洋, 1983(1): 43—51.
[11]  刘成, 王兆印, 何耘, 等. 上海污水排放口水域水质和底质分析[J]. 中国水利水电科学研究院学报, 2003, 1(4): 275—280.
[12]  GUO L D, ZHANG J Z, GUEGUEN C. Speciation and fluxes of nutrients (N, P, Si) from the upper Yukon River[J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2004, 18:GB1038,doi:10.1029/2003GB002152.
[13]  HEAD P C. Practical Estuarine Chemistry: a Handbook . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,1985.
[14]  PARK P K, OSTERBERG C L, FORSTER W O. Chemical budget of the Columbia River[M]//PRUTER A T, ALVERSON D L.The Columbia River Estuary and Adjacent Ocean Waters. Seattle: University of Washington Press,1972.34—123.
[15]  DAVIES P. Nutrient processes and chlorophyll in the estuaries and plume of the Gulf of Papua[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2004, 24: 2317—2341.
[16]  PETERSON D H, CONOMOS T J, BROENKOW W W, et al. Processes controlling the dissolved silica in San Francisco Bay[M]//CRONIN L E.Estuarine Research, v1. Chemistry, Biology and Estuarine System.New York:Academic Press,1975:87—153.
[17]  MORRIS A W, BALE A J, HOWLAND R J M. Nutrient distributions in an estuary: evidence of chemical precipitation of dissolved silicate and phosphate[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 1981, 12:16—205.
[18]  ZHANG J, LIU M G. Observations on nutrient elements and sulphate in atmospheric wet depositions over the northwest Pacific coastal oceans-Yellow Sea[J]. Marine Chemistry, 1994, 47:173—189.
[19]  毛汉礼, 任允武, 万国铭. 浅海水团的定性分析:T-S 点聚图运用的初步调查[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 1964, 6:1—22.
[20]  GLIBERT P M. Regional strudies of daily, seasonal and size fraction variability in ammonium reminerilization[J]. Marine Biology, 1982, 70: 209—222.
[21]  RISER S C, JOHNSON K S. Net production of oxygen in the subtropical ocean[J]. Nature, 2008, 451(17): 323—326.
[22]  石晓勇, 王修林, 陆茸, 等. 东海赤潮高发区春季溶解氧和pH分布特征及影响因素探讨[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 2005, 36(5): 404—412.
[23]  徐韧, 洪君超, 王桂兰, 等. 长江口及其邻近海域的赤潮现象[J]. 海洋通报, 1994, 13(5): 25—29.
[24]  CHEN C C, GONG G C, SHIAH F K. Hypoxia in the East China Sea: one of the largest coastal low-oxygen areas in the world[J]. Marine Environmental Research, 2007, 64: 399—408.
[25]  赵保仁, LIMEBERNER R, 胡敦欣, 等. 黄海南部及东海北部夏季若干水文特征[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 1991, 22(2): 132—139.
[26]  沈涣庭, 潘定安, 长江河口最大浑浊带[M]. 北京: 海洋出版社,2001.
[27]  RYSGAA S, THASTUM P, DALSGAARD T, e al. Effects of salinity on NH+4 adsorption capacity, nitrification, and denitrification in Danish estuary sediments[J]. Estuaries, 1999, 22:52—59.
[28]  刘敏, 侯立军, 许世远, 等. 长江口潮滩表层沉积物对NH+4,N的吸附特征[J]. 海洋学报, 2005, 27(5): 60-66.
[29]  REDFIELD A C, KETCHUM B H, RICHARDS F A. The influence of organisms on the composition of seawater[M]//HILL M N. The Sea. New York:Wiley J, 1963:26—77.
[30]  TWOMEY L J, PIEHLER M F, PAERL H W. Phytoplankton uptake of ammonium, nitrate and urea in the Neuse River Esturary, NC, USA[J]. Hydrobiologia, 2005, 533:123—134.
[31]  晏维金, 章申, 王嘉慧. 长江流域氮的生物地球化学循环及其对输送无机氮的影响[J]. 地理学报, 2001, 56(5): 505-514.
[32]  ZHANG J, ZHANG Z F, LIU S M. Human impacts on the large world rivers: would the Changjiang (Yangtze River) be an illustration? [J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 1999, 13: 1099—1105.
[33]  周名江, 颜天, 邹景忠. 长江口邻近海域赤潮发生区基本特征初探[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, 14(7): 1031—1038.
[34]  孙霞, 王保栋, 王修林, 等. 东海赤潮高发区营养盐时空分布特征及其控制要素[J]. 海洋科学, 2004, 28(8): 28—32.
[35]  韩秀荣, 王修林, 孙霞, 等. 东海近海海域营养盐分布特征及其与赤潮发生关系的初步研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, 14(7): 1097—1101.
[36]  WONG G T F, GONG G C, LIU K K, et al.Excess nitrate in the East China Sea[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science, 1998, 46(3): 411—418.
[37]  KATTNER G. Storage of dissolved inorganic nutrients in seawater: poisoning with mercuric chloride[J]. Marine Chemistry, 1999, 67: 61—66.
[38]  胡方西, 胡辉, 谷国传, 等. 长江河口盐度锋[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 1995, 26(5):23—31.
[39]  沈志良, 刘群, 张淑美, 等. 长江和长江口高含量无机氮的主要控制因素[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 2001, 32(5): 465—473.
[40]  MEYBECK M. Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus transport by world rivers[J]. Am J Science, 1982, 282: 401—450.
[41]  EYRE B,ALLS P. A comparative study of nutrient behavior along the salinity gradient of tropical and temperate Estuaries[J]. Estuaries, 1999, 22(2A): 313—326.
[42]  LISS P S. Conservative and non-conservative behavior of dissolved constituents during estuarine mixing[M]//BURTON J D, LISS P S.Estuarine Chemistry.London:Academic Press,1976:93—130.
[43]  中国海湾志编纂委员会.中国海湾志 :第十四分册.北京: 海洋出版社, 1998. 545—584.
[44]  苏纪兰. 中国近海的环流动力机制研究[J]. 海洋学报, 2001, 23(4):1—16.
[45]  刘素美, 张经, 陈洪涛. 黄海和东海生源要素的化学海洋学[J]. 海洋环境科学, 2000, 19(1): 68—74.
[46]  BOYER J N, STANLEY D W, CHRISTIAN R R. Dynamics of NH+4 and NO-3 uptake in the water column of the Neuse River Estuary[J]. North Carolina Estuaries, 1994, 17: 361—371.
[47]  CRAIG H, HAYWARD T. Oxygen supersaturation in the ocean: biological versus physical contribution[J]. Science, 1987, 235:199—202.
[48]  CAI W J, REIMERS C E. Benthic oxygen flux, bottom water oxygen concentration and core top organic carbon content in the deep northeast Pacific Ocean[J]. Deep Sea Research: II, 1995, 42(10): 1681—1699.
[49]  SARMIENTO J L, GRUBER N, Ocean Biogeochemical Dynamics[M]. Princeton:Princeton University Press,2004.
[50]  朱德弟, 潘玉球, 许卫忆, 等. 长江口外赤潮频发海区水文分布特征分析[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, 14(7): 1131—1134.
[51]  朱建荣, 肖成猷, 沈焕庭, 等. 黄海冷水团对长江冲淡水扩展的影响[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 1998, 29(4): 389—394.
[52]  王保栋. 南黄海营养盐的垂直分布特征及其垂向输运规律[J]. 海洋环境科学, 1999, 18(1): 13-18.
[53]  MACKIN J E, ALLER R C. Ammonium adsorption in marine sediment[J]. Limnology and Oceanography, 1984, 29: 250—257.
[54]  HEDGES J I, BALDOCK J A, GELINAS Y, et al. The biochemical and elemental compositions of marine plankton: a NMR perspective[J]. Marine Chemistry, 2002, 78:47—63.
[55]  EITARO W, AKIHIKO H. Nitrogen in the Sea: Forms, Abundances, and Rate Processes[M]. Boca Raton, Boston: CRC Press,1991.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133