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环境化学  2015 

DOI:10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2014.02.011

Keywords: 微囊藻毒素,鲫鱼,鲤鱼,累积,健康风险

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Abstract:

为揭示微囊藻毒素(MCs)在湖泊的不同区域、杂食性鱼种的不同器官累积的规律,评价其潜在的健康风险,分别在太湖的梅梁湖、西部沿岸区、南部沿岸区和湖心区采集了鲤鱼和鲫鱼样本,利用固相萃取和高效液相色谱-质谱联用提取和测定样本中MCs的3种异构体MC-RR、MC-YR和MC-LR的含量.研究结果显示,鲫鱼与鲤鱼各器官累积MCs的程度不同,鲫鱼累积MCs含量的顺序为肠壁>肾脏>心脏>肝脏>肌肉,而鲤鱼为肠壁>肾脏>肌肉>肝脏>心脏.鲫鱼和鲤鱼肠壁中的MCs含量均高于其他器官.除鲤鱼肠壁中MC-LR所占MCs的比例超过50%以外,鲫鱼和鲤鱼其他各器官累积MCs均以MC-RR为主.对比鲤鱼和鲫鱼相同器官累积的MCs含量发现鲤鱼肌肉累积MCs较高,为31.7±12.1ng·g-1(干重);而鲫鱼肝脏、肾脏、肠壁和心脏所含MCs较高,分别为45.4±44.5、114.0±51.1、2042.9±4426.0、59.5±26.7ng·g-1(干重).基于鲫鱼和鲤鱼肌肉累积的MCs估算的人体每日MCs摄入量已超过世界卫生组织(WTO)颁布的每日最大摄入量(0.04μg·kg-1·d-1),其中人体每日通过鲤鱼而摄入MCs的量较高,为0.0525μgMC-LReq·kg-1·d-1,存在一定潜在健康风险.

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