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弹道学报  2015 

头部钝度和尾部形状对空射火箭气动特性的影响

Keywords: 空中发射,运载火箭,大迎角,非对称涡,头部钝度,气动特性

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Abstract:

为了研究空中发射运载火箭外形对气动特性的影响规律,通过低速风洞实验,利用六分量天平测量空射火箭模型在迎角0~80°,4个速度(17m/s,25m/s,35m/s,40m/s)下的气动力和气动力矩。结果表明:在零侧滑条件下,模型的背风区出现了非对称涡,产生较大的侧力和偏航力矩,俯仰力矩随迎角的变化存在不稳定区域;相比圆柱形尾部模型,收敛扩张形尾部提高了模型的纵向稳定性,6%头部钝度的圆头模型最大侧力减少至少50%,非对称涡的起始迎角提高了7°。研究结果可为内装式空射火箭的外形设计提供一定的参考。

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