[目的]研究三丁酸甘油酯对宫内发育迟缓(IUGR)哺乳仔猪肝脏发育及免疫功能的影响.[方法]选用24头新生(杜洛克×长白×大白)三元杂交哺乳仔猪,分为3个处理组,8头正常新生仔猪为正常(NBW)组,16头IUGR仔猪随机均分为IUGR组和IT组,NBW组和IUGR组饲喂基础人工乳,IT组饲喂基础人工乳+0.10%三丁酸甘油酯.21日龄屠宰取样.[结果]IUGR组肝脏质量显著低于NBW组(P <0.05);IT组肝脏质量显著高于IUGR组(P <0.05),且IT组肝脏指数显著高于IUGR组和NBW组(P <0.05).IUGR组肝脏胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)含量显著低于NBW组和IT组(P <0.05),其含量在IT组与NBW组间差异不显著(P >0.05).IUGR组肝脏肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素4(IL-4)含量均显著高于NBW组和IT组(P <0.05),而IT组与NBW组间差异不显著(P >0.05).IUGR组肝脏IGF-1 mRNA的表达显著低于NBW组和IT组(P <0.05).IUGR组肝脏饥饿激素mRNA的表达显著高于NBW和IT组(P <0.05),但在IT组与NBW组间没有显著差异(P >0.05).IUGR组肝脏白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、IL-4 mRNA的表达水平均极显著高于NBW组(P <0.01),但IT组IL-1β mRNA的表达水平极显著低于NBW组(P <0.01),而IT组IL-4 mRNA的表达水平极显著高于NBW组(P <0.01).[结论]IUGR会限制哺乳仔猪肝脏发育,引起肝脏发生炎症反应.在哺乳期饲喂三丁酸甘油酯可以促进肝脏发育,提高肝脏指数和有效缓解肝脏炎症反应,增强IUGR哺乳仔猪肝脏的免疫功能.[Objectives]This experiment was conducted to study the effects of tributyrin on the development and immune function of the liver in the intrauterine growth restricted(IUGR) suckling piglets. [Methods]24 new born piglets(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshine)were chosen and assigned to three treatment groups. 8 normal birth weight piglets were allocated to normal birth weight(NBW)group,and 16 IUGR piglets were randomly assigned into IUGR group and IT(IUGR+tributyrin)group. All piglets were weaned at 7 day of age,and were fed with the artificial milk diets from day 7 to 21. Piglets in the NBW group and the IUGR group were fed with basic milk diets,while piglets in the IT group were fed with basic milk diets supplemented with 0.10% tributyrin. 6 piglets in each group were selected and sacrificed on day 21. [Results]The results showed that:1)The liver weight of the piglets in the IUGR group was smaller than that of the NBW group(P <0.05);the liver weight of the piglets in the IT group was higher than that of IUGR group(P <0.05)and the liver index of IT group was significantly higher than that of IUGR group and NBW group(P <0.05). 2)The content of insulin growth factor-1(IGF-1)in the liver of the piglets in the IUGR group was significantly lower than that in NBW group and IT group(P <0.05),but the content of IGF-1 in IT group was higher than that in NBW group(P >0.05). The contents of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-4(IL-4)in the liver of the piglets in the IUGR group were significantly higher than those of NBW group and IT group(P <0.05),but there were no significant differences between IT and NBW groups(P >0.05). 3)The expression of IGF-1 mRNA in the liver of the piglets in the IUGR group was significantly lower than that in the NBW group and IT group(P
吴全裕. 肝脏的内分泌与免疫功能分析[J]. 中国卫生产业,2012,9(5):167 [Wu Q Y. Analysis of endocrine and immune function of liver［J]. Chinese Health Industry,2012,9(5):167(in Chinese)］
[3]
Wang J J,Chen L X,Li D F,et al. Intrauterine growth restriction affects the proteomes of the small intestine,liver,and skeletal muscle in newborn pigs[J]. J Nutr,2008,138(1):60-66
[4]
de Lange C F M,Pluske J,Gong J,et al. Strategic use of feed ingredients and feed additives to stimulate gut health and development in young pigs[J]. Livestock Science,2010,134(1):124-134
[5]
刘统,黄兴国,朱广宁. 丁酸甘油酯对断奶仔猪生长性能影响的研究[J]. 饲料工业,2012,32(22):39-41 [Liu T,Huang X G,Zhu G N. Study on the effect of tributyrin on growth performance of weaned piglets［J]. Feed Industry,2012,32(22):39-41(in Chinese)］
Schmittgen T D,Livak K J. Analyzing real-time PCR data by the comparative C(T)method[J]. Nat Protoc,2008,3(6):1101-1108
[8]
Yu B,Liu J,Yao Y,et al. Effects of maternal folic acid supplementation on hepatic apoptosis-related gene expressions between intrauterine growth restriction and normal body weight piglets[J]. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology,2010,1(2):93-100
[9]
Liu C,Lin G,Wang X,et al. Intrauterine growth restriction alters the hepatic proteome in fetal pigs[J]. J Nutr Biochem,2013,24(6):954-959
[10]
Hou Y,Wang L,Yi D,et al. Dietary supplementation with tributyrin alleviates intestinal injury in piglets challenged with intrarectal administration of acetic acid[J]. Br J Nutr,2014,111(10):1748-1758
[11]
李丹丹,冯国强,钮海华,等. 丁酸钠对断奶仔猪生长性能及免疫功能的影响[J]. 动物营养学报,2012,24(2):307-313 [Li D D,Feng G Q,Niu H H,et al. Effect of sodium butyrate on growth performance and immune function of weaned piglets［J]. Journal of Animal Nutrition,2012,24(2):307-313(in Chinese with English abstract)］
[12]
康萍,印遇龙. 丁酸的营养研究进展[J]. 中国生态农业学报,2008,16(1):252-257 [Kang P,Yin Y L. Study progress on nutrition of butyric acid［J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-agriculture,2008,16(1):252-257(in Chinese with English abstract)］
[13]
Wu G,Bazer F W,Wallace J M,et al. Board-invited review:intrauterine growth retardation:implications for the animal sciences[J]. J Anim Sci,2006,84(9):2316-2337
[14]
Chen R,Yin Y,Pan J,et al. Expression profiling of IGFs and IGF receptors in piglets with intrauterine growth restriction[J]. Livestock Science,2011,136(2):72-75
[15]
钟翔,陈莎莎,李伟,等. 丁酸钠对断奶仔猪生产性能和肠道形态的影响[J]. 饲料研究,2009(10):19-22 [Zhong X,Chen S S,Li W,et al. Effect of sodium butyrate on production performance and intestinal morphology in weaned piglets［J]. Feed Research,2009(10):19-22(in Chinese)］
[16]
刘丽华,张卫辉,夏新成,等. 丁酸钠对肉仔鸡生产性能及免疫功能的影响[J]. 中国粮油学报,2009(10):84-88 [Liu L H,Zhang W H,Xia X C,et al. Effect of sodium butyrate on the growth performance and immune function of broilers［J]. Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association,2009(10):84-88(in Chinese with English abstract)］
[17]
Yang W,Wang J,Zhu X,et al. High lever dietary copper promote ghrelin gene expression in the fundic gland of growing pigs[J]. Biological Trace Element Research,2012,150(1):154-157
[18]
Vos M D,Che L,Huygelen V,et al. Increased IGF-1 serum levels and discordant protein and mRNA IGF-1 receptor expression in the small intestine of formula-fed piglets[J]. Livestock Science,2013,154:224-228
[19]
Lindner U,Tutdibi E,Binot S,et al. Levels of cytokines in umbilical cord blood in small for gestational agepreterm infants[J]. Klin Padiatr,2013,225(2):70-74
[20]
Riehle K J,Haque J,McMahan R S,et al. Sustained glutathione deficiency interferes with the liver response to TNF-α and liver regeneration after partial keratectomy in mice[J]. Journal of Liver Disease Transplant,2013,1(2):1-14
[21]
Raghupathy R,Al-Azemi M,Azizieh F. Intrauterine growth restriction:cytokine profiles of trophoblastic antigen-stimulated maternal lymphocytes[J]. Clin Dev Immunol,2012,2012:734865
[22]
Sossai P. Butyric acid:what is the future for this old substance?[J]. Swiss Medical Weekly,2012,142:w13596
[23]
黄雪新. IUGR对新生仔猪肝脾免疫功能的影响[D]. 南京:南京农业大学,2011 [Huang X X. Effect of IUGR on liver and spleen immune function in newborn piglets［D]. Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2011(in Chinese with English abstract)］
