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火星大气模型参数对MSL气动特性的影响

DOI: 10.11728/cjss2014.04.377, PP. 377-383

Keywords: 火星大气模型,高超声速,火星实验室,气动特性,化学非平衡效应

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Abstract:

火星大气与地球大气截然不同,飞行器在进入火星时气动特性不同于地球再入.大气模型的差异主要表现为气体组份、密度和温度等物理参数.针对火星进入器MSL在进入-下降-着陆过程中的高超声速进入段,利用三维并行程序求解耦合真实气体模型的流体动力学Navier-Stokes方程,分析MSL进入火星大气时大气模型参数对进入器气动特性的影响.结果表明,通过与海盗号飞行数据的对比,验证了所采用的火星气体模型和计算方法,且其与NASA的LAURA代码气动特性计算结果也较为一致;大气模型气体性质,即CO2环境对进入器阻力系数和俯仰力矩系数影响较大,利用空气得到的计算和实验数据必须考虑CO2效应;密度增大促进了化学非平衡效应,但对进入器气动特性基本没有影响;温度升高大大增强了化学非平衡效应,而对进入器气动特性影响较小.

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