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动物学研究 2013
Proximityassociationinpolygynouswesternblackcrestedgibbons(Nomascusconcolorjingdongensis):networkstructureandseasonalityDOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1141.2013.E01E01 Keywords: Proximity,Nomascusconcolor,Polygynous,Socialnetwork Abstract: Weinvestigatedthestructureandseasonalityoftheproximitynetworkinagroupofpolygynouswesternblackcrestedgibbons(Nomascusconcolor)usingsocialnetworkanalysis.Thespatialproximitychangedseasonallyandwasaffectedbytemperatureandrainfall.Preferredproximityassociationwasnotdistributedrandomlyamongindividuals.Kinshipwasoneexplanationforthesocialstructure,asoffspringpreferredtomaintaincloseproximitywiththeirmothers.Theproximityofinfantstomothersdecreasedwithage,andindependentoffspringhadlowerproximitytomothersthandependentones.Wefoundthattheadultmalehaddifferentproximityrelationshipswithtwodifferentadultfemales.Thefrequencyofproximitybetweenthemaleandtheinfant-carryingfemalewassignificantlyhigherthanthatbetweenthemaleandthefemalewhohadimmigratedcarryingoneoffspringofuncertainpaternityintothegroup.Infanticideavoidanceand/orpredationprotectionfordependentinfantsmightexplaintheproximityrelationshipdifferences.Temperatureinfluencedgroupproximityassociation,withindividualproximityincreasinginthecoldmonthsanddecreasinginthehotmonths.Groupproximitydecreasedinmonthswithhigheranthropogenicdisturbance.
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