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植物学报  2011 

东北地区蒲公英属瘦果微形态特征及其分类学意义

DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1259.2011.00437, PP. 437-446

Keywords: 瘦果,喙基比(B/A),微形态,蒲公英属,分类学

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Abstract:

?通过对东北地区10种蒲公英瘦果形态及微形态特征进行观察比较,为蒲公英属(TaraxacumF.H.Wigg.)分类研究提供瘦果形态学证据。利用体式数码光学解剖镜和电子探针显微镜,对蒲公英瘦果进行观察比较,并根据瘦果大小、形状、喙基比例、颜色及微形态表面纹饰特征进行聚类检索。结果表明,(1)瘦果微形态特征为全身具刺,具白色斑点,刺状突起成行且规则排列,但刺大小及密度存在显著差异;(2)检索结果表明,以蒲公英瘦果形态及微形态特征进行检索的结果与《中国植物志》中的分类结果一致。该实验通过对东北地区10种蒲公英瘦果形态及微形态特征进行描述,确定了蒲公英瘦果形态特征差异可作为分类学表征证据,并将喙基长度(B)与瘦果长度(A)(不包括喙基长)之比命名为喙基比(B/A),该比值可增补为分类要点。研究结果支持《中国植物志》中对蒲公英属的分类结果。

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