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换道预警系统中参数TTC特性研究

Keywords: 交通工程,换道预警,信号检测论,TTC,感知特性,驾驶人

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Abstract:

?为了更合理地设置换道预警参数,进行了实际道路驾驶试验,获取了15名被试驾驶人的换道安全性决策数据。借助信号检测论来确定不同级别预警规则的即将碰撞时间(TTC)阈值,将驾驶人主观感知的自车换道会影响后车正常行驶的时刻、自车能最晚安全换道的时刻划分为换道安全性的2种等级。研究结果表明:2种等级下的TTC参数具有显著差异性;在不同相对速度区间和相对距离区间内,使用不同的TTC阈值均可以提高预警规则的准确率;相对速度区间0~5,5~10,10~15,15~20m·s-1的TTC一、二级阈值分别为5.5,4.4,4,3.4s和4.2,3.3,3.1,2.8s;相对距离区间0~20,20~40,40~60,>60m的TTC一、二级阈值分别为3.3,3.8,5,6.5s和2.7,3,4.1,4.6s。

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