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基于反向P-M扩散的钢轨表面缺陷视觉检测

DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1004.2014.01667, PP. 1667-1679

Keywords: 反向P-M扩散,图像差分,钢轨表面缺陷,视觉检测

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Abstract:

?研制了一种基于反向P-M(Perona-Malik)扩散的钢轨表面缺陷视觉检测装置,该装置可自动获取钢轨表面图像,并实现实时检测与定位钢轨表面缺陷.钢轨图像具有光照变化、反射不均、特征少等特点,为了在运动过程中从复杂的钢轨表面图像提取缺陷,首先将图像进行反向P-M扩散,然后将扩散后的图像与原图像进行差分,从而减小了上述因素的影响,最后将差分图像进行二值化操作,根据缺陷边缘特性和面积进行滤波,分割出缺陷图像.实验仿真和现场测试结果表明,该方法能很好地识别块状缺陷和线状缺陷,并且检测速度、精度、识别率和误检率都能很好地满足要求.

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