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环境温湿度对聚酰亚胺介电强度的影响机制

DOI: 10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.2014.36.026, PP. 6578-6584

Keywords: 聚酰亚胺薄膜,绝缘击穿,介电强度,温度,湿度,降解

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Abstract:

聚酰亚胺薄膜因其优良的电气、机械及热性能已在各种绝缘线缆中得到广泛应用。然而,环境应力可能会造成聚酰亚胺降解,从而降低其绝缘性能。以聚酰亚胺普通薄膜和聚酰亚胺纳米薄膜为测试对象,研究了单层膜、双层膜及三层膜在不同温度下的击穿特性,分析了水分对聚酰亚胺薄膜击穿场强的影响机制。结果表明:普通膜和纳米膜的击穿强度均随试验温度的升高而降低,尤其是当试验温度大于350℃时,下降速率明显增加,其主要原因是由于聚酰亚胺分子在高温下移动并发生热降解。由于单层膜具有更好的散热能力及结构均匀性,因此单层膜具有比双层膜和三层膜更高的击穿场强,纳米膜较高的热导率导致其具有更好的高温稳定性。潮湿环境中的水分子首先通过氢键作用与聚酰亚胺分子上的羧基(C=O)键结合,并进一步与之发生水解反应,使聚酰亚胺薄膜的击穿场强降低。

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