14 Kirk A B, Smith E E, Tian K, et al. Perchlorate in milk. Environ Sci Technol, 2003, 37: 4979-4981
[8]
15 Blount B C, Valentin-Blasini L, Osterloh J D, et al. Perchlorate exposure of the US population, 2001-2002. J Expo Sci Env Epid, 2007,17: 400-407
[9]
17 Oldi J F, Kannan K. Perchlorate in human blood serum and plasma: Relationship to concentrations in saliva. Chemosphere, 2009, 77:43-47
[10]
18 Wolff J. Perchlorate and the thyroid gland. Pharmacol Rev, 1998, 50: 89-105
[11]
19 Blount B C, Pirkle J L, Osterloh J D, et al. Urinary perchlorate and thyroid hormone levels in adolescent and adult men and women living in the United States. Environ Health Persp, 2006, 114: 1865-1871
[12]
22 McDougal J N, Jones K L, Fatuyi B, et al. The effects of perchlorate on thyroidal gene expression are different from the effects of iodide deficiency. J Toxicol Env Health A, 2011, 74: 917-926
[13]
23 Wu C, Sullivan K, Chowdhury S, et al. Encapsulation of perchlorate salts within metal oxides for application as nanoenergetic oxidizers. Adv Funct Mater, 2012, 22: 78-85
[14]
26 Motzer W E. Perchlorate: Problems, detection, and solutions. Environ Forensics, 2001, 2: 301-311
28 Wilkin R T, Fine D D, Burnett N G. Perchlorate behavior in a municipal lake following fireworks displays. Environ Sci Technol, 2007,41: 3966-3971
[17]
29 Shi Y, Zhang N, Gao J, et al. Effect of fireworks display on perchlorate in air aerosols during the Spring Festival. Atmos Environ, 2011,45: 1323-1327
[18]
32 Rao B, Estrada N, McGee S, et al. Perchlorate production by photodecomposition of aqueous chlorine solutions. Environ Sci Technol,2012, 46: 11635-11643
[19]
33 Urbansky E T, Brown S K, Magnuson M L, et al. Perchlorate levels in samples of sodium nitrate fertilizer derived from Chilean caliche. Environ Pollut, 2001, 112: 299-302
[20]
34 Bohlke J K, Hatzinger P B, Sturchio N C, et al. Atacama perchlorate as an agricultural contaminant in groundwater: Isotopic and chronologic evidence from Long Island, New York. Environ Sci Technol, 2009, 43: 5619-5625
[21]
35 Plummer L N, Bohlke J K, Doughter M W. Perchlorate in Pleistocene and Holocene groundwater in north-central New Mexico. Environ Sci Technol, 2006, 40: 1757-1763
[22]
39 Rajagopalan S, Anderson T, Cox S, et al. Perchlorate in wet deposition across North America. Environ Sci Technol, 2009, 43: 616-622
[23]
41 Urbansky E T, Brown S K. Perchlorate retention and mobility in soils. J Environ Monit, 2003, 5: 455-462
[24]
43 Susarla S, Bacchus S T, Harvey G, et al. Phytotransformations of perchlorate contaminated waters. Environ Technol, 2000, 21:1055-1065
[25]
44 Tan K, Anderson T A, Jones M W, et al. Accumulation of perchlorate in aquatic and terrestrial plants at a field scale. J Environ Qual,2004, 33: 1638-1646
[26]
45 Seyfferth A L, Parker D R. Effects of genotype and transpiration rate on the uptake and accumulation of perchlorate (ClO4-) in lettuce. Environ Sci Technol, 2007, 41: 3361-3367
[27]
46 Smith P N, Yu L, McMurry S T, et al. Perchlorate in water, soil, vegetation, and rodents collected from the Las Vegas Wash, Nevada, USA. Environ Pollut, 2004, 132: 121-127
[28]
47 Smith P N, Theodorakis C W, Anderson T A, et al. Preliminary assessment of perchlorate in ecological receptors at the Longhorn Army Ammunition Plant (LHAAP), Karnack, Texas. Ecotoxicology, 2001, 10: 305-313
[29]
48 Martinelango P K, Tian K, Dasgupta P K. Perchlorate in seawater: Bioconcentration of iodide and perchlorate by various seaweed species. Anal Chim Acta, 2006, 567: 100-107
[30]
49 Theodorakis C, Rinchard J, Anderson T, et al. Perchlorate in fish from a contaminated site in east-central Texas. Environ Pollut, 2006,139: 59-69
[31]
50 Coates J D, Achenbach L A. Microbial perchlorate reduction: Rocket-fuelled metabolism. Nat Rev Microbiol, 2004, 2: 569-580
[32]
51 Keppler F, Eiden R, Niedan V, et al. Halocarbons produced by natural oxidation processes during degradation of organic matter. Nature,2000, 403: 298-301
[33]
52 Myneni S C B. Formation of stable chlorinated hydrocarbons in weathering plant material. Science, 2002, 295: 1039-1041
[34]
57 US EPA. Interim drinking water health advisory for perchlorate. EPA 822-R-08-025, 2008
[35]
58 Blount B C, Alwis K U, Jain R B, et al. Perchlorate, nitrate, and iodide intake through tap water. Environ Sci Technol, 2010, 44:9564-9570
[36]
61 Guruge K S, Wu Q, Kannan K. Occurrence and exposure assessment of perchlorate, iodide and nitrate ions form dairy milk and water in Japan and Sri Lanka. J Environ Monitor, 2011, 13: 2312-2020
[37]
62 Kosaka K, Asami M, Matsuoka Y, et al. Occurrence of perchlorate in drinking water sources of metropolitan area in Japan. Water Res,2007, 41: 3474-3482
[38]
65 Quinones O, Oh J E, Vanderford B, et al. Perchlorate assessment of the Nakdong and Yeongsan watersheds republic of Korea. Environ Toxicol Chem, 2007, 26: 1349-1354
[39]
67 Kannan K, Praamsma M L, Oldi J F. Occurrence of perchlorate in drinking water, groundwater, surface water and human saliva form India. Chemosphere, 2009, 76: 22-26
[40]
68 Sungur S, Sangun M K. Ion chromatographic determination of perchlorate in foods consumed in Hatay region. Food Chem, 2011, 126:326-331
[41]
69 Fram M S, Belitz K. Probability of detecting perchlorate under natural conditions in deep groundwater in California and the southwestern United States. Environ Sci Technol, 2011, 45: 1271-1277
[42]
70 Brandhuber P, Clark S, Morley K. A review of perchlorate occurrence in public drinking water systems. J AWWA, 2009, 101: 63-73
[43]
71 Stetson S J, Wanty R B, Helsel D R, et al. Stability of low levels of perchlorate in drinking water and natural water samples. Anal Chim Acta, 2006, 567: 108-113
[44]
72 Rao B, Anderson T A, Redder A, et al. Perchlorate formation by ozone oxidation of aqueous chlorine/oxy-chlorine species: Role of ClxOy radicals. Environ Sci Technol, 2010, 44: 2961-2967
[45]
76 Dyke J V, Ito K, Obitsu T, et al. Perchlorate in dairy milk. Comparison of Japan versus the United States. Environ Sci Technol, 2007, 41:88-92
[46]
77 Takatsuki S, Watanabe T, Matsuda R, et al. Surveillance of perchlorate level in wine, seafood, polished rice, milk, powdered milk and yogurt (In Japanese). Food Hygiene Saf Sci, 2009, 52: 78-85
[47]
79 Her N, Kim J, Yoon Y. Perchlorate in dairy milk and milk-based powdered infant formula in South Korea. Chemosphere, 2010, 81:732-737
[48]
80 Chen L, Chen H, Shen M, et al. Analysis of perchlorate in milk powder and milk by hydrophilic interaction chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry. J Agric Food Chem, 2010, 58: 3736-3740
[49]
81 Valentin-Blasini L, Blount B C, Otero-Santos O, et al. Perchlorate exposure and dose estimates in infants. Environ Sci Technol, 2011, 45:4127-4132
[50]
82 Schier J G, Wolkin A F, Valentin-Blasini L, et al. Perchlorate exposure form infant formula and comparisons with the perchlorate reference dose. J Expo Sci Env Epid, 2010, 20: 281-287
[51]
83 Sanchez C A, Crump K S, Krieger R I, et al. Perchlorate and nitrate in leafy vegetables of North America. Environ Sci Technol, 2005, 39:9391-9397
[52]
84 Ha W, Suarez D L, Lesch S M. Perchlorate uptake in spinach as related to perchlorate, nitrate, and chloride concentrations in irrigation water. Environ Sci Technol, 2011, 45: 9363-9371
[53]
85 Jackson W A, Joseph P, Laxman P, et al. Perchlorate accumulation in forage and edible vegetation. J Agric Food Chem, 2005, 53: 369-373
[54]
88 Wang Z, Forsyth D, Lau B P Y, et al. Estimated dietary exposure of Canadians to perchlorate through the consumption of fruits and vegetables available in Ottawa markets. J Agric Food Chem, 2009, 57: 9250-9255
[55]
91 Snyder S A, Pleus R C, Vanderford B J, et al. Perchlorate and chlorate in dietary supplements and flavor enhancing ingredients. Anal Chim Acta, 2006, 567: 26-32
[56]
95 Connell J M. Long-term use of potassium perchlorate. Postgrad Med J, 1981, 57: 516-517
[57]
96 Rasul A, Ding C, Li X, et al. Dracorhodin perchlorate inhibits PI3K/Akt and NF-κB activation, up-regulates the expression of p53, and enhances apoptosis. Apoptosis, 2012, 17: 1104-1119
99 Xia M, Wang M, Cui Z, et al. Dracorhodin perchlorate induces apoptosis in HL-60 cells. J Asian Nat Prod Res, 2006, 8: 335-343
[60]
102 Freire E, Polla G, Baggio R. Aripiprazole salts. II. Aripiprazole perchlorate. Acta Cryst, 2012, C68: 0235-0239
[61]
104 Batjoens P, De Brabander H F, T’Kindt L. Ion chromatographic determination of perchlorate in cattle urine. Anal Chim Acta, 1993, 275:335-340
[62]
106 王畔新. 高氯酸铵促进犊牛增重的效果观察. 黑龙江畜牧兽医, 1985, 3: 25-26
[63]
107 李义海. 高氯酸盐在牛饲养中的应用. 粮食与饲料工业, 1997, 12: 27
[64]
110 Rice C P, Baldwin R L, Abbott L C, et al. Predicting perchlorate exposure in milk form concentrations in dairy feed. J Agric Food Chem,2007, 55: 8806-8813
[65]
112 Capuco A V, Rice C P, Baldwin R L, et al. Fate of dietary perchlorate in lactating dairy cows: Relevance to animal health and levels in the milk supply. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2005, 102: 16152-16157
[66]
113 Huber D R, Blount B C, Mage D T, et al. Estimating perchlorate exposure from food and tap water based on US biomonitoring and occurrence data. J Expo Sci Env Epid, 2011, 21: 395-407
[67]
114 Mendez W, Dederick E, Cohen J. Drinking water contribution to aggregate perchlorate intake of reproductive-age women in the United States estimated by dietary intake simulation and analysis of urinary excretion data. J Expo Sci Env Epid, 2010, 20: 288-297
[68]
115 Borjan M, Marcella S, Blount B, et al. Perchlorate exposure in lactating women in an urban community in New Jersey. Sci Total Environ,2011, 409: 460-464
[69]
116 Sanchez C A, Barraj L M, Blount B C, et al. Perchlorate exposure from food crops produced in the lower Colorado River region. J Expo Sci Env Epid, 2009, 19: 359-368
[70]
117 Murray C W, Egan S K, Kim H, et al. US food and drug administration’s total diet study: Dietary intake of perchlorate and iodine. J Expo Sci Env Epid, 2008, 18: 571-580
[71]
118 Clewell R A, Merrill E A, Robinson P. The use of physiologically based models to integrate diverse data sets and reduce uncertainty in the prediction of perchlorate and iodide kinetics across life stages and species. Toxicol Ind Health, 2001, 17: 210-222
[72]
120 Merrill E A, Clewell R A, Robinson P, et al. PBPK model for radioactive iodide and perchlorate kinetics and perchlorate-induced inhibition of iodide uptake in humans. Toxicol Sci, 2005, 83: 25-43
[73]
126 Lamm S H, Feinleib M, Engel A, et al. Comment on “perchlorate and iodide in dairy and breast milk”. Environ Sci Technol, 2005, 39:5900-5901
[74]
127 Kirk A B, Martinelango K P, Tian K, et al. Response to comment on “perchlorate and iodide in dairy and breast milk”. Environ Sci Technol, 2005, 39: 5902-5903
[75]
129 Leung A M, Pearce E N, Hamilton T, et al. Colostrum iodine and perchlorate concentrations in Boston-area women: A cross-sectional study. Clin Endocrinol, 2009, 70: 326-330
[76]
130 Zhang T, Wu Q, Sun H W, et al. Perchlorate and iodide in whole blood samples from infants, children, and adults in Nanchang, China. Environ Sci Technol, 2010, 44: 6947-6953
[77]
131 Amitai Y, Winston G, Sack J, et al. Gestational exposure to high perchlorate concentrations in drinking water and neonatal thyroxine levels. Thyroid, 2007, 17: 843-850
[78]
133 National Research Council (NRC). Health Implications of Perchlorate Ingestion. Washington D C: National Academies Press, 2005
[79]
136 Pearce E N, Braverman L E. Environmental pollutants and the thyroid. Best Pract Res Cl En, 2009, 23: 801-813
[80]
137 Dohan O, De la Vieja A, Paroder V, et al. The sodium/iodide symporter (NIS): Characterization, regulation, and medical significance. Endocr Rev, 2003, 24: 48-77
[81]
138 Zimmermann M B. Iodine deficiency. Endocr Rev, 2009, 30: 376-408
[82]
144 Lawrence J E, Lamm S H, Pino S, et al. The effect of short-term low-dose perchlorate on various aspects of thyroid function. Thyroid,2000, 10: 659-663
[83]
146 Braverman L E, He X, Pino S, et al. The effect of perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate on thyroid function in workers exposed to perchlorate long-term. J Clin Endocr Metab, 2005, 90: 700-706
[84]
151 Isanhart J P, McNabb F M A, Smith P N. Effects of perchlorate exposure on resting metabolism, peak metabolism, and thyroid function in the prairie vole. Environ Toxicol Chem, 2005, 24: 678-684
[85]
152 Bradford C M, Binchard J, Carr J A, et al. Perchlorate affects thyroid function in eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) at environmentally relevant concentrations. Environ Sci Technol, 2005, 39: 5190-5195
[86]
153 Stoker T E, Ferrell J M, Laws S C, et al. Evaluation of ammonium perchlorate in the endocrine disruptor screening and testing program’s male pubertal protocol: Ability to detect effects on thyroid endpoints. Toxicology, 2006, 228: 58-65
[87]
156 Scinicariello F, Murray H E, Smith L, et al. Genetic factors that might lead to different responses in individuals exposed to perchlorate. Environ Health Persp, 2005, 113: 1479-1484
[88]
157 Steinmaus C, Miller M D, Smith A H. Perchlorate in drinking water during pregnancy and neonatal thyroid hormone levels in California. J Occup Environ Med, 2010, 52: 1217-1224
[89]
158 Buffler P A, Kelsh M A, Lau E C, et al. Thyroid function and perchlorate in drinking water: An evaluation among California newborns,1998. Environ Health Persp, 2006, 114: 798-804
[90]
2 Dohan O, Portulano C, Basquin C, et al. The Na+/I- symporter (NIS) mediates electroneutral active transport of the environmental pollutant perchlorate. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2007, 104: 20250-20255
9 Duncan P B, Morrison R D, Vavricka E. Forensic identification of anthropogenic and naturally occurring sources of perchlorate. Environ Forensics, 2005, 6: 205-215
[94]
10 Wu F, Zhou X, Zhang R, et al. The effects of ammonium perchlorate on thyroid homeostasis and thyroid-specific gene expression in rat. Environ Toxicol, 2012, 27: 445-452
[95]
11 Kounaves S P, Stroble S T, Anderson R M, et al. Discovery of natural perchlorate in the Antarctic dry valleys and its global implications. Environ Sci Technol, 2010, 44: 2360-2364
16 Dasgupta P K, Kirk A B, Dyke J V, et al. Intake of iodine and perchlorate and excretion in human milk. Environ Sci Technol, 2008, 42:8115-8121
[98]
20 Pearce E N, Alexiou M, Koukkou E, et al. Perchlorate and thiocyanate exposure and thyroid function in first-trimester pregnant women from Greece. Clin Endocrinol, 2012, 77: 471-474
[99]
21 Bernhardt R R, Von Hippel F A, Cresko W A. Perchlorate induces hermaphroditism in threespine sticklebacks. Environ Toxicol Chem,2006, 25: 2087-2096
[100]
24 Dasgupta P K, Dyke J V, Kirk A B, et al. Perchlorate in the United States. Analysis of relative source contribution to the food chain. Environ Sci Technol, 2006, 40: 6608-6614
[101]
25 Oxley J C, Smith J L, Higgins C, et al. Efficiency of perchlorate consumption in road flares, propellants and explosives. J Environ Manage,2009, 90: 3629-3634
[102]
30 Wu Q, Oldi J F, Kannan K. Fate of perchlorate in a man-made reflecting pond following a fireworks display in Albany, New York, USA. Environ Toxicol Chem, 2011, 30: 2449-2455
[103]
31 Zewdie T, Smith C M, Hutcheson M, et al. Basis of the Massachusetts reference dose and drinking water standard for perchlorate. Environ Health Persp, 2010, 118: 42-48
[104]
36 Murphy D M, Thomson D S. Halogen ions and NO+ in the mass spectra of aerosols in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. Geophys Res Lett, 2000, 27: 3217-3220
[105]
37 Furdui V, Tomassini F. Trends and sources of perchlorate in Arctic snow. Environ Sci Technol, 2010, 44: 588-592
[106]
38 Parker D R, Seyfferth A L, Reese B K. Perchlorate in groundwater: A synoptic survey of “pristine” sites in the coterminous United States. Environ Sci Technol, 2008, 42: 1465-1471
[107]
40 Jackson W A, Bohlke J K, Gu B, et al. Isotopic composition and origin of indigenous natural perchlorate an co-occurring nitrate in the Southwestern United States. Environ Sci Technol, 2010, 44: 4869-4876
[108]
42 Nzengung V A, Wang C, Harvet G. Plant-mediated transformation of perchlorate into chloride. Environ Sci Technol, 1999, 33:1470-1478
[109]
53 Wu Q, Zhang T, Sun H, et al. Perchlorate in tap water, groundwater, surface waters, and bottled water from China and its association with other inorganic anions and with disinfection byproducts. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol, 2010, 58: 543-550
56 Shi Y, Zhang P, Wang Y, et al. Perchlorate in sewage sludge rice, bottled water and milk collected from different areas in China. Environ Int, 2007, 33: 955-962
[113]
59 Snyder S A, Vanderford B J, Rexing D J. Trace analysis of bromated, chlorate, iodate, and perchlorate in natural and bottled waters. Environ Sci Technol, 2005, 39: 4586-4593
[114]
60 Asami M, Kosaka K, Yoshida N. Occurrence of chlorate and perchlorate in bottled beverages in Japan. J Health Sci, 2009, 55: 549-553
[115]
63 Kamoshita M, Kosaka K, Asami M, et al. Analytical method for perchlorate in water by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry using an ion exchange column. Anal Sci, 2009, 25: 453-456
[116]
64 Her N, Jeong H, Kim J, et al. Occurrence of perchlorate in drinking water and seawater in South Korea. Arch Environ Cotam Toxicol,2011, 61: 166-172
[117]
66 McLaughlin C L, Blake S, Hall T, et al. Perchlorate in raw and drinking water sources in England and Wales. Water Environ J, 2011, 25:456-465
[118]
73 Kang N, Anderson T A, Jackson W A. Photochemical formation of perchlorate from aqueous oxychlorine anions. Anal Chim Acta, 2006,567: 48-56
[119]
74 Kang N, Jackson W A, Dasgupta P K, et al. Perchlorate production by ozone oxidation of chloride in aqueous and dry systems. Sci Total Environ, 2008, 405: 301-309
[120]
75 Kirk A B, Martinelango P K, Tian K, et al. Perchlorate and iodide in dairy and breast milk. Environ Sci Technol, 2005, 39: 2011-2017
[121]
78 Wang Z, Lau B P Y, Tague B, et al. Determination of perchlorate in infant formula by isotope dilution ion chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Food Addit Contam, 2011, 28: 799-806
[122]
86 Krynitsky A J, Niemann R A, Nortrup D A. Determination of perchlorate anion in foods by ion chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chem, 2004, 76: 5518-5522
[123]
87 Krynitsky A J, Niemann R A, Williams A D. et al. Streamlined sample preparation procedure for determination of perchlorate anion in foods by ion chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta, 2006, 567: 94-99
90 Aribi H E, Le Blanc Y J C, Antonsen S, et al. Analysis of perchlorate in foods and beverages by ion chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (IC-ESI-MS/MS). Anal Chim Acta, 2006, 567: 39-47
[126]
92 Reichert L J M, de Rooy H A M. Treatment of amiodarone induced hyperthyroidism with potassium perchlorate and methimazole during amiodarone treatment. Brit Med J, 1989, 298: 1547-1548
[127]
93 Godley A F, Stanbury J B. Preliminary experience in the treatment of hyperthyroidism with potassium perchlorate. J Clin Endocr Metab,1954, 14: 70-78
[128]
94 Juberg D R. Perchlorate in Drinking Water Scientific Collaboration in Defining Safety. New York: American Council on Science and Health (ACSH), 2002
[129]
98 Xia M, Wang D, Wang M, et al. Dracorhodin perchlorate induces apoptosis via activation of caspases and generation of reactive oxygen species. J Pharmacol Sci, 2004, 95: 273-283
103 Park Y S, Kim Y H. A new antitumor agent: Methyl sulfonium perchlorate of echinomycin. Bioorg Med Chem Lett, 1998, 8: 731-734
[133]
105 Bussche J V, Noppe H, Verheyden K, et al. Analysis of thyreostats: A history of 35years. Anal Chim Acta, 2009, 637: 2-12
[134]
108 Boison J. Analysis of antithyroid drug residues in food animals. Bioanalysis, 2012, 4: 2067-2083
[135]
109 Sanchez C A, Blount B C, Valentin-Blasini L, et al. Perchlorate in feed-dairy continuum of the southwestern United States. J Agric Food Chem, 2008, 56: 5443-5450
[136]
111 Smith D J, Hakk H, Larsen G L. Tissue distribution, elimination and metabolism of sodium [36Cl]Perchlorate in lactating goats. J Agric Food Chem, 2006, 54: 8829-8835
[137]
119 Clewell R A, Merrill E A, Gearhart J M, et al. Perchlorate and radioiodide kinetics across life stages in the human: Using PBPK models to predict dosimetry and thyroid inhibition and sensitive subpopulations based on developmental stage. J Toxicol Env Health A, 2007, 70:408-428
[138]
121 Walser M, Rahill W J. Nitrate, thiocyanate, and perchlorate clearance in relation to chloride clearance. Am J Physiol, 1965, 208:1158-1164
[139]
122 Shelor C P, Kirk A B, Dasgupta P K, et al. Breastfed infants metabolize perchlorate. Environ Sci Technol, 2012, 46: 5151-5159
[140]
123 Leung A M, Braverman L E, He X, et al. Environmental perchlorate and thiocyanate exposures and infant serum thyroid function. Thyroid,2012, 22: 938-943
[141]
124 Pearce E N, Leung A M, Blount B C, et al. Breast milk iodine and perchlorate concentrations in lactating Boston-Area women. J Clin Endocr Metab, 2007, 92: 1673-1677
[142]
125 Blount B C, Rich D Q, Valentin-Blasini L, et al. Perinatal exposure to perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate in New Jersey mothers and newborns. Environ Sci Technol, 2009, 43: 7543-7549
[143]
128 Heining M J. Perchlorate in human milk: Separating the science from sensationalism. J Hum Lact, 2005, 21: 115
[144]
132 Oldi J F, Kannan K. Analysis of perchlorate in human saliva by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Environ Sci Technol,2009, 43: 142-147
[145]
134 Hershman J M. Perchlorate and thyroid function: What are the environmental issues? Thyroid, 2005, 15: 427-431
[146]
135 Charnley G. Perchlorate: Overview of risks and regulation. Food Chem Toxicol, 2008, 46: 2307-2315
[147]
139 Stoichiometry M, Loo D D F, Dai G, et al. Thyroid Na+/I- symporter. J Biol Chem, 1997, 272: 27230-27238
[148]
140 Clewell R A, Merrill E A, Narayanan L, et al. Evidence for competitive inhibition of iodide uptake by perchlorate and translocation of perchlorate into the thyroid. Int J Toxicol, 2004, 23: 17-23
[149]
141 Paroder-Belenitsky M, Maestas M J, Dohan O, et al. Mechanism of anion selectivity and stoichiometry of the Na+/I- symporter (NIS). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2011, 108: 17933-17938
[150]
142 Attanasio R, Scinicariello F, Blount B C, et al. Pendrin mediates uptake of perchlorate in a mammalian in vitro system. Chemosphere,2011, 84: 1484-1488
[151]
143 Li W, Zha J, Yang L, et al. Regulation of iodothyronine deiodinases and sodium iodide symporter mRNA expression by perchlorate in larvae and adult Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus). Mar Pollut Bull, 2011, 63: 350-355
[152]
145 Greer M A, Goodman G, Pleus R C, et al. Health effects assessment for environmental perchlorate contamination: The dose response for inhibition of thyroidal radioiodine uptake in humans. Environ Health Persp, 2002, 10: 927-937
[153]
147 Tonacchera M, Pinchera A, Dimida A, et al. Relative potencies and additivity of perchlorate, thiocyanate, nitrate, and iodide on the inhibition of radioactive iodide uptake by the human sodium iodide symporter. Thyroid, 2004, 14: 1012-1019
[154]
148 Gibbs J P. A comparative toxicological assessment of perchlorate and thiocyanate based on competitive inhibition of iodide uptake as the common mode of action. Hum Ecol Risk Assess, 2006, 12: 157-173
[155]
149 Braverman L E, Pearce E N, He X, et al. Effect of six months of daily low-dose perchlorate exposure on thyroid function in healthy volunteers. J Clin Endocr Metab, 2006, 91: 2721-2724
[156]
150 Yu K O, Narayanan L, Mattie D R, et al. The pharmacokinetics of perchlorate and its effect on the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis in the male rat. Toxicol Appl Pharm, 2002, 182: 148-159
[157]
154 Lewandowski T A, Seeley M R, Beck B D. Interspecies differences in susceptibility to perturbation of thyroid homeostasis: A case study with perchlorate. Regul Toxicol Pharm, 2004, 39: 348-362
[158]
155 Kunisue T, Fisher J W, Kannan K. Modulation of thyroid hormone concentrations in serum of rats coadministered with perchlorate an iodide-deficient diet. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol, 2011, 61: 151-158
[159]
159 Kimbrough D E. Relative source contribution of perchlorate and other goitrogens in newborn thyroid function. J Occup Environ Med,2011, 53: 465-467
[160]
160 Park J-W, Rinchard J, Liu F, et al. The thyroid endocrine disruptor perchlorate affects reproduction, growth, and survival of mosquitofish. Ecotox Environ Safe, 2006, 63: 343-352
[161]
161 Tikkanen M W. Development of a drinking water regulation for perchlorate in California. Anal Chim Acta, 2006, 567: 20-25
