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高速公路汽车追尾碰撞乘员安全性研究

Keywords: 汽车工程,乘员安全性,追尾碰撞,有限元仿真,挥鞭效应

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Abstract:

研究高速公路汽车追尾交通事故中前车乘员颈部运动及其损伤形态,即挥鞭效应。采用有限元动态仿真技术模拟汽车追尾碰撞过程,仿真与试验结果进行对比验证,对应的特征参数基本一致。利用仿真结果分析汽车追尾事故中前车假人颈部的运动损伤特性,并进行安全性评价。结果表明,前车假人颈部的最大前屈和后屈转矩都在评价标准的安全范围之内,但已经接近临界值。研究的结果主要应用于汽车的安全性设计、道路的安全设施配置和交通安全管理等领域。

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