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菌物学报  2015 

黑茶砖茶中两种产生“金花”的曲霉菌

DOI: DOI:10.13346/j.mycosystema.130275, PP. 186-195

Keywords: 多基因,分子系统学,分类

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Abstract:

“金花”是曲霉属Aspergillus真菌在黑茶后发酵过程中,在砖茶内部形成的黄色闭囊壳。从广西和湖南产的黑茶砖茶中分离获得2株“金花菌”,均能在培养基上形成闭囊壳。根据分离菌株的培养特征和微观形态特征及β-微管蛋白基因(BenA)、钙调蛋白基因(CaM)及RNA聚合酶Ⅱ基因(RPB2)的系统发育分析,参照Hubka最新的曲霉属曲霉组AspergillussectionAspergillus分类系统,将分离菌株分别鉴定为假灰绿曲霉A.pseudoglaucus及冠突曲霉A.cristatus。另外,通过扫描电镜对这2株“金花菌”进行了形态观察,并记录了菌株A672闭囊壳的发育过程。在广西产砖茶中分离鉴定出的“金花菌”假灰绿曲霉为国内首次报道。通过比较,将过去湖南产砖茶中广泛报道的“金花菌”冠突散囊菌修订为冠突曲霉A.cristatus。黑茶茶砖中“金花菌”的分离与鉴定对于黑茶品种的鉴别和质量评价具有重要指导意义。

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