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工程力学  2012 

机车轮缘磨耗对轮轨接触状况的影响

DOI: 10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2011.01.0047, PP. 308-312

Keywords: 轮缘磨耗,轮轨型面,接触,弹塑性,有限元

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Abstract:

针对机车运行中出现轮缘磨耗严重这一问题,统计苏家屯机务段电力机车轮对检修记录,将轮缘磨耗过程可以分为3个阶段:初期磨耗阶段、磨耗稳定阶段和后期磨耗阶段。建立不同磨耗时期的轮轨弹塑性接触模型,运用有限元方法进行计算分析。计算结果表明:车轮轮缘厚度从32mm磨耗到27mm这个过程,轮缘上的接触等效应力相对较小,轮缘磨耗速度在整个磨耗过程中最低;机车车轮镟修或换轮后在磨耗后线路上运行,标准车轮与磨耗钢轨的型面匹配状况不佳,接触等效应力集中在车轮轮缘上,运行初期轮缘磨耗较快。得出的结论有助于设计出更好的轮轨型面来降低轮缘磨耗。

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