|
OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用：99美元
|
|
|
|
藏北羌塘高原双湖地表热源强度及地表水热平衡
DOI: 10.11821/dlxb201407010, PP. 983-992
Keywords: 藏北高原,地表热源,双湖,水热平衡
Abstract:
青藏高原加热及地-气间物质能量交换对我国、东亚乃至全球的天气和气候系统都有着非常重要的作用，受客观条件限制，藏北羌塘高原腹地尚无系统的地-气相互作用过程观测。本文利用中国科学院羌塘双湖极端环境综合观测研究站2011年10月-2012年9月一年的自动气象站观测数据，分析了年内季节和日尺度下双湖地区地面加热场特征，探讨了地表能量平衡及水量平衡特征，结果表明（1）双湖地区年内地表热源强度基本为正，年平均热源强度为79.5W/m2；然而地表热源强度呈现明显的季节和日变化规律，夏季热源强度大于冬季，白天热源强度大于夜间。夏季地表白天为强热源，夜间为弱热源，冬季地表白天为强热源，夜间为冷源。（2）双湖地区地表能量分配季节变化明显，7、8月份地-气间主要以潜热交换为主，其他月份主要以感热方式进行热量交换，年平均上主要以感热交换为主，年均感热通量和潜热通量分别为55.4W/m2和24.1W/m2，波文比为2.3。（3）双湖地区降水和蒸发皆主要集中在6-9月，年降雨量为332mm，年蒸发量为312.9mm，年水量差为19.1mm，地表水量存在不平衡现象。（4）双湖地区地表蒸发力很强，年潜在蒸发为1888.2mm，年均湿润指数为0.17，属典型半干旱气候特征。
| [1] | QiuJane.TheThirdPole.Nature,2008,454:393-396.
|
| [2] | YeDuzheng,GaoYouxi.MeteorologyofTibetanPlateau.Beijing:SciencePress,1979:1-9.[叶笃正,高由禧.青藏高原气象学.北京:科学出版社,1979:1-9.]
|
| [3] | YeDuzheng,WuGuoxiong.TheroleoftheheatsourceoftheTibetanPlateauinthegeneralcirculation.MeteorologyandAtmosphericPhysics,1998,67:181-198.
|
| [4] | ChenLongxun,LiWei,ZhaoPing.TheeffectsofthermalstatusofTibetanPlateauinwinteronzonalwindanomaliesoverequatorialPacific.ScienceinChinaSeriesD:EarthSciences,2001,31(Suppl.):320-326.[陈隆勋,李薇,赵平.青藏高原冬季热状况对赤道太平洋纬向风异常的影响.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2001,31(S):320-326.]
|
| [5] | LiDongliang,JiGuoliang,LvLanzhi.TheinluenceofsurfaceheatingintensityinTibetanPlateauontheatmosphericcirculationintheNorthernHemisphereandclimaticanomalyofChinaweather.ScienceinChinaSeriesD:EarthSciences,2001,31(Suppl.):312-319.[李栋梁,季国良,吕兰芝.青藏高原地面加热场强度对北半球大气环流和中国天气气候异常的影响研究.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2001,31(S):312-319.]
|
| [6] | ZhaoPing,ChenLongxun.TherelationshipbetweentheclimatecharacteristicsofatmosphericheatsourcesinTibetanPlateauandtheprecipitationinChinainrecent35years.ScienceinChinaSeriesD:EarthSciences,2001,31(4):327-332.[赵平,陈隆勋.35年来青藏高原大气热源气候特征及其与中国降水的关系.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2001,31(4):327-332.]
|
| [7] | WuGuoxiong,LiuYimin,LiuXinetal.HowtheheatingovertheTibetanPlateauaffectstheAsianclimateinsummer.ChineseJournalofAtmosphericSciences,2005,29(1):47-58.[吴国雄,刘屹岷,刘新等.青藏高原加热如何影响亚洲夏季的气候格局.大气科学,2005,29(1):47-58.]
|
| [8] | WuGuoxiong,LiuYimin,WangTongmei.TheinfluenceofmechanicalandthermalforcingbytheTibetanPlateauonAsianclimate.JournalofHydrometeorology,2007,8(4):770-789.
|
| [9] | WangTongmei,WuGuoxiong,WanRijin.InfluenceofthemechanicalandthermalforcingofTibetanPlateauonthecirculationoftheAsiansummermonsoonarea.PlateauMeteorology,2008,27(1):1-9.[王同美,吴国雄,万日金.青藏高原的热力和动力作用对亚洲季风区环流的影响.高原气象,2008,27(1):1-9.]
|
| [10] | ZhouXiuji,ZhaoPing,ChenJunmingetal.TheresearchoninfluenceofthermaleffectinTibetanPlateauontheclimateoftheNorthernHemisphere.ScienceinChinaSeriesD:EarthSciences,2009,39(11):1473-1486.[周秀骥,赵平,陈军明等.青藏高原热力作用对北半球气候影响的研究.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2009,39(11):1473-1486.]
|
| [11] | MaYaoming,OsamuTsukamoto,WuXiaomingetal.CharacteristicsofenergytransferandmicrometeorologyinthesurfacelayeroftheatmosphereabovegrassymarshlandoftheTibetanPlateauarea.ChineseJournalofAtmosphereSciences,2000,24(5):715-722.[马耀明,塚本修,吴晓鸣等.藏北高原草甸下垫面近地层能量输送及微气象特征.大气科学,2000,24(5):715-722.]
|
| [12] | MaYaoming,SuZhongno,KoikeToshio,etal.OnmeasuringandremotesensingsurfaceenergypartitioningovertheTibetanPlateau:FromGAME/TibettoCAMP/Tibet.PhysicsandChemistryoftheEarth,2003,28:63-74.
|
| [13] | MaYaoming,FanS,IshikawaHetal.Diurnalandinter-monthlyvariationoflandsurfaceheatfluxesoverthecentralTibetanPlateauarea.TheoreticalandAppliedClimatology,2005,80:259-273.
|
| [14] | YangKun,KoikeToshio,FujllHetal.Improvementofsurfaceparametrizationswithaturbulence-relatedlength.Q.J.R.Meteorol.Soc.,2002,128(584):2073-2087.
|
| [15] | MaWiqiang,MaYaoming,LiMaoshanetal.SeasonalvariationonlandsurfaceenergybudgetandenergybalancecomponentsinthenorthernTibetanPlateau.JournalofGlaciologyandGeocryology,2005,27(5):673-680.[马伟强,马耀明,李茂善等.藏北高原地区地表辐射支出和能量平衡的季节变化.冰川冻土,2005,27(5):673-680.]
|
| [16] | LiJialun,HongZhongxiang,LuoWeidongetal.AstudyofsurfacefluxesinGerzearea,Qinghai-XizangPlateau.ChineseJournalofAtmosphereSciences,1999,23(2):142-152.[李家伦,洪钟祥,罗卫东等.青藏高原改则地区近地层通量观测研究.大气科学,1999,23(2):142-152.]
|
| [17] | LiGuoping,DuanTingyang,GongYuanfa.ThebulktransfercoefficientsandsurfacefluxesinthewesternTibetanPlateau.ChineseScienceBulletin,2000,45(8):865-869.[李国平,段廷扬,巩远发.青藏高原西部地区的总体输送系数和地面通量.科学通报,2000,45(8):865-869.]
|
| [18] | LiGuoping,DuanTingyang,WuGuifen.TheintersityofsurfaceheatsourceandsurfaceheatbalanceonthewesternQinghai-XizangPlateau.ScientiaGeographicaSinica,2003,23(1):13-18.[李国平,段廷扬,吴贵芬.青藏高原西部的地面热源强度及地面热量平衡.地理科学,2003,23(1):13-18.]
|
| [19] | ZhongLei,MaYaoming,SuZhongboetal.Atmosphericturbulenceandland-atmosphereenergytransfercharacteristicsinthesurfacelayerofthenorthernslopeofMt.Qomolangmaarea.AdvancesinEarthScience,2006,21(12):1293-1303.[仲雷,马耀明,苏中波等.珠峰北坡地区近地层大气湍流与地气能量交换特征.地球科学进展,2006,21(12):1293-1303.]
|
| [20] | ZhongLei,MaYaoming,LiMaoshan.AnanalysisofatmosphereturbulenceandenergytransfercharacteristicsofsurfacelayeroverRongbuValleyinMt.Qomolangmaarea.ChineseJournalofAtmosphericSciences,2007,31(1):48-57.[仲雷,马耀明,李茂善.珠穆朗玛峰绒布河谷近地层大气湍流及能量输送特征分析.大气科学,2007,31(1):48-57.]
|
| [21] | MaYaoming,WangYongjie,ZhongLeietal.ThecharacteristicsofatmosphericturbulenceandradiationenergytransferandthestructureofatmosphericboundarylayeroverthenorthernslopeareaofHimalaya.JournaloftheMeteorologicalSocietyofJapan,2011,89A:345-353.
|
| [22] | ChenXuelong,SuZhongbo,MaYaomingetal.EstimationofsurfaceenergyfluxesundercomplexterrainofMt.QomolangmaovertheTibetanPlateau.HydrologyandEarthSystemSciences,2013,17(4):1607-1618.
|
| [23] | WengDuming,PanShouwen,ShenZhibao.SurveyofinvestigationonsurfaceradiationbalanceandheatbalanceoverTibetanPlateau.Meteorology,1984,8(1):2-6.[翁笃鸣,潘守文,沈志宝.青藏高原地面辐射平衡和热量平衡考察概况.气象,1984,8(1):2-6.]
|
| [24] | JiGuoliang,YaoLanchang,WangWenhua.SurveyoffieldinvestigationonheatsourceoverTibetanPlateau.PlateauMeteorology,1985,4(Suppl.2):1-9.[季国良,姚兰昌,王文华.1982-1983年青藏高原热源野外考察概况.高原气象,1985,4(Suppl.2):1-9.]
|
| [25] | JiGuoliang,ZouJiling,LuLanzhi.theseasonalvariationofsurfaceheatingfieldoverthenorthernQinghai-XizangPlateau.PlateauMeteorology,1997,16(1):2-10.[季国良,邹基玲,吕兰芝.藏北高原地面加热场的季节变化.高原气象,1997,16(1):2-10.]
|
| [26] | JiGuoliang,ShiXinghe,GaoWuxiang.ThevariationofsurfacefieldovernorthernQinghai-TibetPlateauanditseffectonclimate.PlateauMeteorology,2001,20(3):239-244.[季国良,时兴和,高务祥.藏北高原地面加热场的变化及其对气候的影响.高原气象,2001,20(3):239-244.]
|
| [27] | TaoShiyan,ChenLianshou,XuXiangdeetal.ProgressesofTheoreticalStudyintheSecondTibetanPlateauAtmosphereScientificExperiment.Beijing:ChinaMeteorologicalPress,1999:1-14.[陶诗言,陈联寿,徐祥德等.第二次青藏高原大气科学实验理论研究进展.北京:气象出版社,1999:1-14.]
|
| [28] | MaYaoming,YaoTandong,WangJiemin.ExperimentalstudyofenergyandwatercycleinTibetanPlateau:TheprogressintroductiononthestudyofGAME/TibetandCAMP/Tibet.PlateauMeteorology,2006,25(2):344-351.[马耀明,姚檀栋,王介民.青藏高原能量和水循环试验研究:GAME/Tibet与CAMP/Tibet研究进展.高原气象,2006,25(2):344-351.]
|
| [29] | MaYaoming,YaoTandong,WangJieminetal.ThestudyonthelandsurfaceheatfluxesoverheterogeneouslandscapeoftheTibetanPlateau.AdvancesinEarthScience,2006,21(12):1215-1223.[马耀明,姚檀栋,王介民等.青藏高原复杂地表能量通量研究.地球科学进展,2006,21(12):1215-1223.]
|
| [30] | MaYaoming,YaoTandong,HuZeyongetal.ThecooperativestudyonenergyandwatercycleovertheTibetanPlateau.AdvancesinEarthScience,2009,24(11):1280-1284.[马耀明,姚檀栋,胡泽勇等.青藏高原能量与水循环国际合作研究的进展与展望.地球科学进展,2009,24(11):1280-1284.]
|
| [31] | DuanAnmin,WuGuoxiong,LiuYiminetal.WeatherandclimateeffectsoftheTibetanPlateau.AdvancesinAtmosphericSciences,2012,29(5):978-992.
|
| [32] | LinZhenyao,WuXiangding.ClimatecharacteristicsoftheeasternofnorthQiangtangPlateauinthewarmseason(June-August).ActaGeographicaSinica,1979,34(1):69-75.[林振耀,吴祥定.北羌塘东部暖季(6-8月)气候特征的初步探讨.地理学报,1979,34(1):69-75.]
|
| [33] | WangJingsheng,ZhangXianzhou,ZhaoYupingetal.Spatio-temporalpatternofclimatechangesinnorthernTibet'sQiangtangPlateau.ResourcesScience,2008,30(12):1852-1859.[王景升,张宪洲,赵玉萍等.藏北羌塘高原气候变化的时空格局.资源科学,2008,30(12):1852-1859.]
|
| [34] | ZhenJingyun,BianJuanjuan,GeQuanshengetal.ClimateregionalizationinChinaduring1981-2013.ChineseScienceBulletin,2013,58(30):3088-3099.[郑景云,卞娟娟,葛全胜等.1981-2010年中国气候区划.科学通报,2013,58(30):3088-3099.]
|
| [35] | ComprehensiveScientificExpeditionofTibetanPlateau.TibetanVegetations.Beijing:SciencePress,1988:318-320.[中国科学院青藏高原综合科学考察队.西藏植被.北京:科学出版社,1988:318-320.]
|
| [36] | OkeTR.BoundaryLayerClimate.NewYork:HalstedPress,1987:1-32.
|
| [37] | ThomAS,StewartJB,OliverHB.Comparisonofaero-dynamicalandenergybudgetestimatesoffluxesoverapineforest.QuarterlyJournaloftheRoyalMeteorologicalSociety,1975,101:93-105.
|
| [38] | HuYinqiao,QiYuejin.Thecombinatorymethodtodetermineturbulentfluxedandtheuniversalfunctionsinthesurfacelayer.ActaMeteorologicalSinica,1991,49(1):46-53.[胡隐樵,奇跃进.组合法确定近地层湍流通量和通用函数.气象学报,1991,49(1):46-53.]
|
| [39] | ZuoHongchao,HuYinqiao.ThebulktransfercoefficientoverdesertandgobiinHeiheRegion.PlateauMeteorology,1992,11(4):371-380.[左洪超,胡隐樵.黑河试验区沙漠和戈壁的总体输送系数.高原气象,1992,11(4):371-380.]
|
| [40] | ZhangYinsheng,OhataT,YangDaqingetal.BiascorrectionofdailyprecipitationmeasurementsforMongolia.HydrologicalProcesses,2004,18:2991-3005.
|
| [41] | XuJianqing.AnestimationogheatandwaterbalancesintheTibetanPlateau.JournaloftheMeteorologicalSocietyofJapan,2001,79:485-504.
|
| [42] | PenmanHL.1948.Naturalevaporationfromopenwater,baresoilandgrass.ProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyA:Mathematical,PhysicalandEngineeringSciences,193:120-145.
|
| [43] | LiDinghua,WuJingzhi,JiGuoliangetal.TheHeatBalanceintheLhasa,Nagqu,GerzeandGarzeDuringAugust1982toJuly1983.ActaMeteorologicaSinica,45(3):370-374.[李丁华,吴敬之,季国良等.1982年8月-1983年7月拉萨、那曲、改则、甘孜地面热量平衡分析.气象学报,45(3):370-374.]
|
| [44] | LiRen,ZhaoLin,DingYongjian,etal.ThefeaturesofeachcomponentsinthesurfaceheatbalanceequationoverWudaoliang,northernTibetanPlateau.JournalofMountainScience,2007,25(6):664-670.[李韧,赵林,丁永建等.青藏高原北部五道梁地表热量平衡方程中各分量特征.山地学报,2007,25(6):664-670.]
|
| [45] | ZengQunzhu,XieYingqin.Astudyonlandevaporabilityanddry-wetstateofTibetanPlateau.JournalofGlaciologyandGeocryology,1986,8(2):131-143.[曾群柱,谢应钦.青藏高原陆面可能蒸发量和干湿状况的研究.冰川冻土,1986,8(2):131-143.]
|
| [46] | ZhengDu.ResearchontheTibetanPlateaunaturalregionsystem.ScienceinChinaSeriesD:EarthSciences,1996,26(4):336-341.[郑度.青藏高原自然地域系统研究.中国科学D辑:地球科学,1996,26(4):336-341.]
|
Full-Text
|
|
Contact Us
service@oalib.com QQ:3279437679 
WhatsApp +8615387084133
|
|
