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遗传等距离现象:分子钟和中性理论的误读及其近半世纪后的重新解谜

, PP. 275-282

Keywords: 分子进化,分子钟,中性理论,遗传等距离现象,最大遗传变异假说,小进化,大进化,极限遗传距离

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Abstract:

1963年,Margoliash在比对不同物种细胞色素C序列后,发现了出乎意料的遗传等距离结果,这与几乎同时间Zuckerkandl和Pauling的血红蛋白发现是同一现实的不同反映.一个就事论事的分子钟假说因而被提出,并长期被某些学者认为是真实的自然现象,导致Kimura提出中性理论来解释分子钟.多年的研究发现了无数矛盾,分子钟仅有有限的局部存在.但被忽略的是,分子钟的瓦解自然使遗传等距离成为未解之谜.近年来,本实验室偶然重新发现了这一至今还几乎无人知晓、并未被充分重视的现象.通过整合现有理论的正确内容,并引入最大遗传变异极限这一原创概念,提出了一个更全面的遗传进化学说,重新解读了遗传等距离及其他主要进化现象.该假说将改写物种亲缘关系树及群体遗传学,并解决一些现有理论给不出线索的生物医学难题.

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