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Physics  2013 

Theory of Charge and Heat Polarizations with the Keldysh Formalism

DOI: 10.7566/JPSJ.83.033708

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Abstract:

We investigate the heat polarization, a heat analog of the charge polarization, by using the gauge-covariant Keldysh formalism. In contrast to the charge-heat analogy naively expected, we find that the heat polarization does not appear spontaneously, since it consists not only of the heat-transfer contribution but of the heat-generation contribution, leading to the Mott rule. Nonetheless, it can be induced by a torsional magnetic field in $(3+1)$-D topological insulators and superconductors, which is described by the temporal part of the Nieh-Yan action.

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