Contact between speakers of clusters of Malay
dialects of the Malay Peninsula and Sumatera has been going on from historical
times until today. This study discusses contacts as reflected in the literary
genres of the syair and the hikayat. A research was conducted on
a real life situation of the contact of the Bengkulu dialect cluster of
Sumatera and that of the southern peninsula Malay dialect in a Bengkulu settler
community in the latter region, to assess the receptivity of the speakers of
the minority settler community of the norms of the host region. The findings
showed that although there was adaptation on the part of the minority
community, it did not come readily. Norms that determine the preferred use and
usage of language, as well as the social pragmatics of adaptation are the
motivating factors for acceptance. Stability of the minority as part of a
larger community leads to uninhibited awareness of the traditions of the
(former’s) parent community, which in turn motivates a regeneration of
erstwhile practices.
References
[1]
Abbas, Y. B. H. (1967). Perubahan Sistem dan Masharakat Bangkahulu Di-Kampong Sungai Choh Dalam Daerah Ulu Selangor. Academic Exercise for the Bachelor of Arts, Department of Malay Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur.
[2]
Fishman, J. A. (1991). Reversing Language Shift: The Theoretical and Empirical Foundations of Assistance to Threatened Languages. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
[3]
Goudie, D. J. (1989). Syair Perang Siak. Kuala Lumpur: Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society.
[4]
Hashim, M. Y. (1980). Syair Sultan Maulana: Suatu Penilaian Kritis Hasil Pensejarahan Melayu Tradisional. Kuala Lumpur: Penerbit Universiti Universiti Malaya.
[5]
Hikayat Terong Pipit (1964). Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press.With an Introduction by Asmah Haji Omar.
[6]
Kathirithamby-Wells, J., & Hashim, M. Y. (1985). The Syair Mukomuko: Some Historical Aspects of a Nineteenth Century Sumatran Court Chronicle. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, Monograph No. 13.
[7]
Marsden, W. (1811, 1966). The History of Sumatra. London: J. M’creery, Black Horse-Court. The Third Edition Was Printed in 1811. A Reprint of This Edition, Introduced by John Bastin, Was Published by Oxford University Press, Kuala Lumpur, 1966.
[8]
Mat Jali, M. I. (1998/1999). Kajian Fonologi dan Leksikal Dialek Bengkulu di Kampung Sungai Choh (1998/1999). Academic Exercise for the Bachelor of Arts, Department of Malay Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur.
[9]
Nande, S. (2012). Kamus Bengkulu: Basé Bengkulu ke Bahasa Malaysia. Serendah: Penerbit Medbaai Reqqa Enterprise.
[10]
Omar, A. H. (2008). Susur Galur Bahasa Melayu (2nd ed.). Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
[11]
Omar, A. H. et al. (2012). Bahasa Minangkabau Mukim Sesapan Batu Minangkabau. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa.
[12]
Omar, A. H. et al. (2015). Malays in the Holy Land: An Ethnolinguistic Study. Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaya Press.
[13]
Petyt, K. M. (1980). The Study of Dialect. London: André Deutsch.
[14]
Rasjid Manggis, M. (1982). Sejarah Ringkas Minangkabau dan Adatnya. Jakarta: Penerbit Mutiara.
[15]
Salleh, S. H. H. (Ed.) (1992). Hikayat Patani. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
[16]
Siddik, A. (1996). Sejarah Bengkulu 1500-1990. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.
[17]
Zainudin, Z. B. (1986/1987). Kajian Fonologi Bahasa Bangkahulu. Academic Exercise for the Bachelor of Arts, Kuala Lumpur: Department of Malay Studies, University of Malaya.
