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Intranasal insulin prevents anesthesia-induced hyperphosphorylation of tau in 3xTg-AD miceKeywords: intranasal insulin, anesthesia, hyperphosphorylation of tau, brain insulin signaling, protein phosphatase 2A, tau protein kinases, Alzheimer’s disease, propofol Abstract: Background: It is well documented that elderly individuals are at increased risk of cognitive decline after anesthesia. General anesthesia is believed to be a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recent studies suggest that anesthesia may increase the risk for cognitive decline and AD through promoting abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau, which is crucial to neurodegeneration seen in AD.
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