Background. Population-based studies are needed to estimate the prevalence of underweight or overweight/obese childhood cancer survivors. Procedure. Adult survivors (diagnosed ≤20 years) were identified from the linked Utah Cancer Registry and Utah Population Database. We included survivors currently aged ≥20 years and ≥5 years from diagnosis , and a comparison cohort selected on birth year and sex . BMI was calculated from driver license data available from 2000 to 2010. Multivariable generalized linear regression models were used to calculate prevalence relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of BMI outcomes for survivors and the comparison cohort. Results. Average time since diagnosis was 18.5 years , and mean age at BMI for both groups was 30.5 (survivors , comparison ). Considering all diagnoses, survivors were not at higher risk for being underweight or overweight/obese than the comparison. Male central nervous system tumor survivors were overweight ( , 95% CI 1.01–1.23) more often than the comparison. Female survivors, who were diagnosed at age 10 and under, had a 10% higher risk of being obese than survivors diagnosed at ages 16–20 . Conclusion. While certain groups of childhood cancer survivors are at risk for being overweight/obese, in general they do not differ from population estimates. 1. Introduction As of 2005, there were over 328,000 childhood cancer survivors in the USA, a number that will continue to grow with emerging treatment procedures [1]. Unfortunately, survival from childhood cancer is often accompanied by an increased risk for adverse late effects from treatment [2–4], including cardiovascular risk [5, 6], insulin resistance [7], and neurologic, musculoskeletal, and pulmonary complications [8]. Furthermore, adult survivors of childhood cancer may be particularly prone to weight-related problems as approximately half report low levels of physical activity [9, 10]. In the general population, a high body mass index (BMI) in the overweight or obese range is associated with an increased risk for chronic health conditions including hypertension [11], diabetes [12], cancer [13], and cardiovascular disease [5, 14]. Late effects from treatment and low levels of physical activity may compound the risk of additional weight-related problems among survivors with abnormal BMIs. There is a considerable body of evidence underscoring the impact of early life exposures, such as a pediatric cancer diagnosis, on health throughout the lifespan [4]. To date, most USA studies describing childhood cancer survivors’ BMI have focused
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