Study of Physiological Potentiality of Callus and Plant Regeneration through Somatic Embryogenesis in Rice Variety Swarna

The regeneration protocol was developed from dehusked and sterilized seeds of rice variety Swarna (MTU 7029) to study callus induction, callus growth rate and regeneration potentiality. Different ranges of 2,4-D (1-4 mg L-1) and combinations of 6-Benzyl Aminopurine (BAP) (2-4 mg L-1) and a-Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) (1 mg L-1) were used for callus induction, somatic embryo formation and plantlets regeneration respectively. Ninty six percent callus induction efficacy was found with 4 mg L-1 2,4-D. Whereas the high frequency of plantlets regenerated from embryogenic calli were observed in the combination of 4 mg L-1 BAP and 1 mg L-1 NAA; the embryogenic calli obtained from 2 mg L-1 2,4-D concentration performed better in this media (4 mg L-1 BAP and 1 mg L-1 NAA) than the other three used concentrations of 2,4-D. Physiological potentiality of 45 days old calli in terms of fresh and dry weights and proline content were showed a positive correlation. However, 4 mg L-1 2,4-D in medium showed low regeneration capacity of calli.