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Determination of Ideal Pension Age and Developments in Ageing: A Case Study for Turkey

Keywords: Population ageing , pension age , prospective age , old age dependency ratio , old age definition , Turkey , Nüfusun ya lanmas , emeklilik ya , ileriye d nük ya , ya l ba ml l k oran , ya l l k tan m , Türkiye

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Abstract:

Population ageing has important implications for the sustainability of social security schemes. Debate is on whether and how to include demographic trends in the determination of the ideal pension age. We determine the ideal pension age for Turkey, based on the developments taking place in both population structure and mortality, by examining conventional and prospective measures of population ageing, and by comparing different decision criteria. Proposed pension ages based on constant remaining life expectancy and intergenerational fairness are higher than those using constant support ratios, show fluctuations over time and are higher for the female than male population. The suggested pension ages differed strongly from the official ones, although less in 2010. The different measures, old-age definitions, and decision criteria result in different alternatives for the ideal pension age with differing popularity for different stakeholders. The observed sex differences and the on-going population and mortality trends demand flexibility. Nüfusun ya lanmas , sosyal güvenlik planlar n n sürdürülebilirli i a s ndan nemli etkiye sahiptir. Tart ma, demografik e ilimlerin ideal emeklilik ya n n belirlenmesine yans t l p yans t lmamas veya nas l yans t laca üzerinedir. al mada, nüfus yap s ve lümlülükte meydana gelen geli meler temel al narak, nüfusun ya lanmas l ülerinden geleneksel ve ileriye d nük olanlar kullan larak ve farkl karar kriterleri kar la t r larak emeklilik ya belirlenmektedir. Sabit beklenen mrü ve nesiller aras adaleti temel alan kritere g re emeklilik ya , sabit destek oran na nazaran daha yüksektir, zaman i inde dalgalanma g sterir ve kad nlarda erkeklere g re daha yüksektir. nerilen ya lar, 2010 y l i in daha az farkl olmakla birlikte genelde resmi emeklilik ya ndan olduk a farkl d r. Ya lanmay farkl l me y ntemleri, ya l l k tan mlar ve farkl karar kriterleri her bir payda n ra bet edece i de i en ideal emeklilik ya n beraberinde getirmektedir. Ya taki cinsiyetler aras farklar ile hali haz rdaki nüfus ve lümlülük e ilimleri ise daha esnek olarak de erlendirilmelidir.

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