Histological Pattern of Prostatic Diseases in Nigerians

Objective: This is a laboratory-based retrospective study of the histopathological pattern of prostatic lesions seen at Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH) over a 10 year period (1989-1998). Material and Methods: In total, 493 prostatic lesions were seen representing 3.2% of the 15,424 surgical specimens obtained during the study period. After histological assessment, the tumors were classified according to the WHO recommendation. Histological grading/scoring of adenocarcinomas was done using the Gleason system. Results: 372 (75.4%) prostatic lesions were benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with co-existing chronic prostatitis in 23.6% of cases. The peak age of occurrence of BPH was in the seventh decade of life. Prostate cancer constituted 121 (24.6%) of all prostatic lesions with a peak age of occurrence in the seventh decade. 94.2% of the cancer cases were adenocarcinomas, while adenosquamous and squamous cell carcinoma represented 1.7% each of cases. Leiomyosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcomawere noted in 0.8% each of cases. The adenocarcinomas were well, moderately and poorly differentiated in 85.1%. 7.9% and 7% of cases, respectively, and incidental carcinoma was detected in 12.3% of cases. The paucity of other rare lesions was also noted and, with few exceptions, the patterns of prostatic lesions were comparable to the findings in other parts of the world. Conclusion: In preparation for a potential future increase in the incidence and mortality rates from prostate cancer, every effort should be made to improve diagnosis, staging and management facilities. Even though a small number of cancer cases was reported in the past, dietary and environmental risk factors may escalate the rates necessitating the need for screening by PSA assays and sextant biopsies under ultrasound guidance. This will ensure early diagnosis and treatment promising an improvement of the survival rates. Modèle histopathologique des maladies prostatiques chez les Nigériens Objectifs : C\'est une étude rétrospective basée sur le résultat de laboratoire du modèle histopathologique des lésions prostatiques vues à l\'h pital universitaire de Jos (JUTH) sur une période de 10 ans (1989-1998). Matériel et méthodes : Un total de 493 lésions prostatiques ont été vus représentant 3,2% des 15.424 spécimens chirurgicaux re us pendant la période d\'étude. Après évaluation histologique, les tumeurs ont été classées conformément à la recommandation d\'OMS. Grade/score histologique des adénocarcinomes a été fait en utilisant le système de Gleason. Résultats : 372 (75,4%) lésions prostatiques étaient à type d'hyperplasie prostatique bénigne (BPH) avec co-existence de la prostatite chronique dans 23,6% des cas. L\'age maximal de l\'occurrence de BPH avait lieu dans la septième décennie de la vie. Le cancer de prostate a constitué 121 (24.6%) de toutes les lésions prostatiques avec un age maximal d\'occurrence dans la septième décennie. 94.2% des cas de cancer étaient des adénocarcinomes, alo