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Morphological Variability of Neglected and Underutilized Legumes (NULs) Collection from C？te d’Ivoire  [PDF]
Léonie Clémence Kouonon, Kouamé Guillaume Koffi, Koffi Adjoumani, Koudougnon Alice Estère Goba
American Journal of Plant Sciences (AJPS) , 2020, DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2020.112018
Abstract: In order to characterize neglected and underutilized legumes seeds (NULs), prospection, collection and characterization were carried out in five administrative regions from Cote d’Ivoire. Two thousand and fifty-four accessions were collected. NULs cultivation is done mainly by women (88.1% compared to 11.9% of men). Productors distinguish 22 morphotypes of NULs based on seeds shapes, colors and patterns. Morphological traits of the collected morphotypes revealed a significant phenotypic polymorphism. Quantitative analyses showed a clear structure of accessions; three main groups were revealed. The first group contains accessions with large and thick seeds, but a low index shape opposite to group II with high index shape. Seeds of group III are characterized by small width and thickness, but a high shape index. Analyses of qualitative traits revealed five groups characterized by heterogeneous or homogeneous coloured integument, inked or elevated edge of hilum, presence or absence of eye.
Morphoagronomic genetic diversity in american wild rice species
Veasey, Elizabeth Ann;Silva, Edson Ferreira da;Schammass, Eliana Aparecida;Oliveira, Giancarlo Conde Xavier;Ando, Akihiko;
Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology , 2008, DOI: 10.1590/S1516-89132008000100012
Abstract: to characterize the genetic variability among species and populations of south american wild rice, eleven populations of oryza glumaepatula, seven of o. grandiglumis, four of o. latifolia and one of o. alta, from brazil and argentina, were evaluated. a greenhouse experiment was conducted in completely randomized blocks with 23 treatments. twenty morphoagronomic traits were assessed. univariate analyses were performed with 16 quantitative traits with the partitioning of populations within species. significant differences (p<0.001) between species were observed for all the traits as well as among populations within the species. the most variable was o. glumaepatula followed by o. latifolia. multivariate discriminant canonical and cluster analyses confirmed the separation of the highly diverse o. glumaepatula populations from the tetraploid species, and the high genetic variation among o. latifolia populations. morphological differences among the three tetraploid species seemed to be enough to ascribe them at least the condition of species in statu nascendi.
Assessment of genetic diversity in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)
R.M.Nagalakshmi, R. Usha Kumari and M. B. Boranayaka
Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding , 2010,
Abstract: Sixty six genotypes of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) were investigated to understand the extent of genetic diversitythrough twelve quantitative traits. Mahalanobis’s D2 analysis established the presence of wide genetic diversity among thesegenotypes by the formation of 23 clusters. Cluster I had the maximum number of genotypes i.e 22 and cluster 23 had onlyone genotype. Intra cluster distance analysis revealed that the minimum intra cluster distance was observed in the cluster II.The inter-cluster distance (D) was found to be the maximum between the clusters XXII and XXIII and the same wasminimum between clusters II and V. The results indicated that grain yield per plant contributed maximum to the totaldivergence followed by 100 seed weight and days to 50% flowering. Number of branches per plant had least contribution tothe total divergence followed by petiole length. The existence of wide genetic diversity among the types chosen from thesame geographical location was obviously seen. In the present study, the variety Vellayani local had the maximum value forplant height and pod length and thereby distinguished from other varieties and it is present singly in the cluster XXIII. Henceit is proved to be widely divergent, since its yield is high, it can be used for further crossing and yield improvement. Thecluster XVIII had the highest cluster mean values for number of clusters per plant and the cluster XIV has the highest meanvalue for grain yield per plant. These two clusters may be utilized in crossing programme which may yield in a widespectrum of variability and for selection for seed yield in the subsequent generations. The clustering pattern of the varietiesin the present study clearly indicated that there was no parallelism between genetic and geographic diversities. Based on themean performance and genetic divergence, the genotypes Vellayani local, NBC 7, Lola, CP 18, CP 150, ACM 05-07 can beused for crossing and further selection.
CORRELATION AND HEAT SUSCEPTIBILITY INDEX ANALYSIS FOR TERMINAL HEAT TOLERANCE IN BREAD WHEAT
JAISWAL, Jai,RAWAT, Rajendra,SHARMA, Ankit,VERMA, Jai
- , 2013,
Abstract: Sa？etak Six generations namely, P1, P2, F2, F3, BC1s and BC2s (2006-07) and P1, P2, F3, F4, BC1ss and BC2ss (2007-08) developed from four parental genotypes viz. DBW 14 (heat tolerant), NP 846 (heat and drought tolerant), WH 147 and Raj 4014 (heat susceptible for late sown). All the six generations from four crosses were evaluated during Rabi 2006-07 and Rabi 2007-08 in a compact family block design with three replications on two sowing dates. Heat susceptibility index values revealed reduction in grain yield in both the years for all the generations of the four crosses. Significant estimates of correlation of grain yield with days to heading, days to anthesis and days to maturity were recorded in late sown condition during first year. While under timely sown condition spike length has high estimate correlation with grain yield in first year itself. Significant estimated were recorded for tillers per plant in both the environments in second year. Lowest yield loss was reported in backcross populations of Cross I in both years and among segregating populations of Cross IV observed to be least affected and therefore suggested to be forwarded to further generations and further selection of heat tolerant genotypes
European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Height Growth Variability in Croatian and Slovenian Provenance Trials
Bogdan, Sa？a,Bo？i？, Gregor,Ivankovi？, Mladen
- , 2008,
Abstract: Sa？etak We present an overview of the first results on height growth variability of the European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) provenances in Croatian and Slovenian field tests. The field tests (one in each country) were established in the spring of 1998 with 2 years old plants. 36 provenances were planted in the Croatian trial and 38 provenances in the Slovenian one, in a randomised complete block design (RBD) in three replications with 150 seedlings per provenance. The Croatian trial includes provenances from 13 European countries (Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Great Britain, Germany, Netherlands, Poland, Slovenia, Sweden, and Ukraine) while Slovenian trial includes provenance from 15 European countries (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Luxemburg, Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland). The first results relate to the survival rate and heights in autumn 2005, at the plant age of 8 years. The Slovenian trial had a better survival rate and a larger average height. The P-13 provenance (Soignes – B) had the best survival rate of 94,0% (in Slovenian trial); the largest heights in Slovenian trial were recorded also for the local Slovenian provenance P-53 ( 242,80 cm, Postojna – Masun); Provenance testing on two different sites showed that some provenances (P-05 Bretagne F, P-31 Urach D, P-17 Westfield GB) exhibited a general adaptedness and phenotypic stability, while other provenances were phenotypically instable, i.e. exhibited specific adaptedness (P-64 Nizbor, CZ, P-51 Horni Plana-Ce CZ). Anova showed that provenances were statistically significant effect only in the Slovenian trial, while in the Croatian one as well as in combined analysis there were no between provenance differences. Block by provenance interactions were statistically significant in both trials, indicating strong micro site influences. However, blocks were not properly conducted in Croatian trial because they were perpendicular to slope, probably causing strong provenance by block interaction. Moreover, in Slovenian trial number of studied provenances was not the same, which was also cause for strong interaction effect. Our believe is that due to above mentioned reasons, provenance by block interactions in both trials were overestimated and consequently that was the reason for underestimating provenance effect. Tukey-Kramer test did not show clinal geographic pattern of between provenance differences, so it can be concluded that results indicate ecotypic genetic differentiation of
Diversity of Genetic Resources and Genetic Association Analyses of Green and Dry Chillies of Eastern India
Chattopadhyay,Arup; Baran Sharangi,Amit; Dai,Nuka; Dutta,Subrata;
Chilean journal of agricultural research , 2011, DOI: 10.4067/S0718-58392011000300002
Abstract: chilli (capsicum annuum l.) is regarded as one of the main commercial vegetable and spice crops at the global level. maximum diversity can be noted among the cultivars/landraces available in india with respect to shape, size, yield, quality, and other traits. the present experiment was conducted to identify the most promising chilli variety suited for green and dry purposes, to study the genetic variability for different traits and to assess the association of different yield attributing traits with the green and dry yield of chilli. thirty four genotypes were characterized during a 2-yr period. most of the genotypes possessed the character constellation of c. annuum. two genotypes, ‘chaitali pointed’ and ‘bc ch sel-4’ were found most promising with respect to green fruit yield (272.79 g, 221.10 g per plant) and dry fruit yield (54.56 g, 44.44 g per plant). phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation values for green fruit weight (119.95%, 111.26%), green fruit girth (89.76%, 48.93%), weight of red ripe fruit (112.02%, 111.93%), weight of dry fruit (111.63%, 110.97%) and number of fruits per plant (86.05%, 85.02%) were recorded to be high. green fruit yield per plant, ascorbic acid content, and number of fruits per plant also showed very high broad-sense heritability and genetic advance. from the study of correlation and path coefficient analyses, the number of fruits per plant, green fruit length for green chilli, weight of dry fruit and the number of fruits per plant for dry chilli were found to the most important selection indices.
Influence of obesity gene in quantitative traits of swine
Borges, Graciele Segantini do Nascimento;Goulart, Luiz Ricardo;
Genetics and Molecular Biology , 2002, DOI: 10.1590/S1415-47572002000100007
Abstract: genotype data of 477 animals of several swine races (landrace - ld, large white - lw, pietrain - pi, lwxldxpi, piau, monteiro, and unknown race) were obtained to determine the allele frequency of the obesity gene. genotype data of 174 crossbred swine (lwxldxpi) were also obtained, in order to assess its correlation with carcass evaluation data (lean meat percentage, backfat thickness at p2, loin eye area, adjacent fat area, total fat and meat). finally, genotype data of 96 pure swine (landrace, large white and pietrain) were collected, to establish its relation with meat quality (drip loss, meat color, texture analysis and intramuscular fat) and carcass evaluation data (lean meat percentage; ham, loin, shoulder and belly weights; and backfat thickness at p2). this work also aimed associating epds (expected progeny differences) for litter size, daily weight gain and backfat thickness with genotype data of 49 large white males and 54 landrace females. genotyping was done on animal blood by pcr-rflp, based on stratil et al. (1997). statistical analysis was done by using sas software for variance analysis between genotypes and data for each cited class. for purebred animals, a mixed model was used, with sire within race as random effect. the allelic frequencies of alleles t and c were, respectively: 0.8142; 0.1857 (landrace); 0.9125; 0.0875 (large white); 0.9433; 0.0566 (pietrain); 0.8333; 0.1666 (lwxldxpi); 0.2500; 0.7500 (piau); 0.8750; 0.1250 (monteiro), and 0.8870; 0.1130 (unknown race). since the highest allele c frequency occurred in piau, we suggest that this allele could be associated with fat accumulation. in the landrace race, a study was done separating the frequencies of 2 generations (great-grandfather and grandfather), and the differences confirmed by a chi-square test, a higher frequency of allele c having been found in the grandparental generation. this suggests that this allele could be eliminated by selection from the great-grandparental generation, wh
Genetic control of agronomic traits in an oat population of recombinant lines
Nava, Itamar Cristiano;Duarte, Ismael Tiago de Lima;Pacheco, Marcelo Teixeira;Federizzi, Luiz Carlos;
Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology , 2010, DOI: 10.1590/S1984-70332010000400004
Abstract: understanding the genetic control of phenotypic traits is essential to increase the efficiency of selection for adapted, high-yielding genotypes. the purpose of this study was to determine the genetic control of nine traits of hexaploid oat. phenotypic data were collected from a population of 162 recombinant lines derived from the cross 'ufrgs17 x ufrgs 930598-6'. for the traits plant growth habit, hairs on leaf edges and panicle type, monogenic genetic control was observed. a quantitative and/or polygenic genetic control was stated for the traits panicle weight, panicle length, vegetative cycle, plant height, test weight and grain yield. high heritability was estimated for the traits vegetative cycle (h2 = 0.89) and plant height (h2 = 0.79), while moderate heritability was determined for test weight (h2 = 0.51) and grain yield (h2 = 0.48).
Biometrical Assessment of Interspecific Hybrids of Capsicum Genus
Dorota Olszewska, Iwona J drzejczyk, Pawe Nowaczyk
Vegetable Crops Research Bulletin , 2011, DOI: 10.2478/v10032-011-0015-5
Abstract: The F1 hybrids obtained as the result of interspecific crosses: C. annuum x C. frutescens, C. frutescens x C. annuum, C. frutescens x C. chinense and C. chinense x C. frutescens were analysed biometrically. The plants were cultured in unheated foil tent. Yield and the number of fruit from plant were qualified. For ten plants of each of the hybrids detailed fruit analysis were performed. The tested traits were: weight of fruit, length, width, technological weight and weight of pericarp, pericarp thickness, the weight of placenta without seeds, the weight of dry seeds and the dry matter content. The analysis of variance was conducted on the obtained results. The tested hybrids were characterised by the large differentiation of the estimated characters. The hybrids obtained from crosses: C. annuum x C. frutescens and C. frutescens x C. annuum seem to be the most valuable material for the future pepper breeding work. Fruits of these hybrids combine high weight, typical for cultivated forms of C. annuum with increased dry matter content characteristic for C. frutescens. These materials will be used as the parental forms of homozygous lines which possess traits valuable in genetic improvement of pepper.
Combining ability of wheat genotypes in two models of diallel analyses
Igor Pirez Valério,Fernando Irajá Félix de Carvalho,Antonio Costa de Oliveira,Velci Queiroz de Souza
Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology , 2009,
Abstract: Diallel analyses are commonly used for the estimate of population genetic effects. Different models can beused, with a direct effect on the inferences. The objective of this study was to determine and compare two diallel analysismodels, fixed and random, regarding the combining effects among six wheat genotypes. The experiment was conducted in thecounty of Cap o do Le o/RS in the year 2006. Six wheat genotypes were used that were used for artificial crosses accordingto a complete diallel model without reciprocals, resulting in 15 hybrid combinations. The data were subjected to diallelanalyses according to model 2 of Griffing (fixed) and BLUP (random). The results show that both diallel models indicatesimilar general combining ability effects. On the other hand, for the specific combining ability, the data must be used withcaution, considering the two models simultaneously.
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