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Sustainability: Living within One’s Own Ecological Means
Lee Liu
Sustainability , 2009, DOI: 10.3390/su1041412
Abstract: This paper provides a critical review of sustainability, including its definitions, dimensions, measurements, and practices, as well as approaches to achieve sustainability. It raises questions about conventional definitions and argues for taking into account the geographic dimension of sustainability for better understanding of the regional differences in sustainability and transition to sustainability. The paper proposes that sustainability should be defined as "living within one’s own ecological means." This definition pays attention to regional disparities in biocapacity and ecological footprint. It realizes that not all people’s present and future needs may be met in all regions of the world.
The Political Economy of Unsustainable Fiscal Deficits
Pasten,Roberto; Cover,James P;
Cuadernos de economía , 2010, DOI: 10.4067/S0717-68212010000200002
Abstract: this paper uses an inter temporal model of public finances to show that political instability can cause taxes to be tilted to the future, resulting in a fiscal deficit that is suboptimal and only weakly sustainable (in the sense of quintos). this occurs because political instability gives the government an incentive to implement a myopic fiscal policy in order to increase its chances of remaining in office. the government achieves this by delaying taxes (or advancing spending) in order to buy political support, which in turn causes an upward trend in the deficit process and a financial crisis. using annual data for chile for the 1833-1999 periods, we present statistical test results that support the model.
The Political Economy of Unsustainable Fiscal Deficits La Economía Política de los déficits fiscales insostenibles
Roberto Pasten,James P Cover
Cuadernos de Economía , 2010,
Abstract: This paper uses an inter temporal model of public finances to show that political instability can cause taxes to be tilted to the future, resulting in a fiscal deficit that is suboptimal and only weakly sustainable (in the sense of Quintos). This occurs because political instability gives the government an incentive to implement a myopic fiscal policy in order to increase its chances of remaining in office. The government achieves this by delaying taxes (or advancing spending) in order to buy political support, which in turn causes an upward trend in the deficit process and a financial crisis. Using annual data for Chile for the 1833-1999 periods, we present statistical test results that support the model. Este paper usa un modelo inter temporal de las finanzas públicas que muestra que la inestabilidad política puede causar que los impuestos sean desplazados hacia el futuro, resultando en un déficit fiscal que es sub-óptimo y solo débilmente sostenible (en el sentido de Quintos). Esto ocurre debido a que la inestabilidad política otorga al gobierno un incentivo para implementar una política fiscal sesgada de tal forma de incrementar su chance de mantenerse en el poder. El gobierno consigue esto retardando los impuestos (o avanzando los gastos) de tal forma de adquirir respaldo político, el cual a su vez causa una tendencia positiva en el proceso de déficit fiscal aumentando con ello la probabilidad de una crisis fiscal. Usando datos para Chile para el periodo 1833-1999, se presentan los resultados de pruebas estadísticas que respaldan el modelo.
Stages of Corporate Sustainability: Integrating the Strong Sustainability Worldview
Nancy E. Landrum
- , 2018, DOI: 10.1177/1086026617717456
Abstract: Businesses are increasingly adopting sustainability, yet the environment continues to decline. This research responds to Dyllick and Muff’s assertion that this paradox is caused by a constricted understanding of the meaning of corporate sustainability, lack of inclusion of constructs from related streams of literature, and failure to integrate micro and macro perspectives of sustainability. The current research addresses these concerns through an integration of 22 micro- and macro-level models of stages of development from literature in corporate sustainability, corporate social responsibility, environmental management, and sustainable development. This integration results in a new unified model of stages of corporate sustainability that broadens the current narrowly constricted understanding of corporate sustainability, extends the paradigm of corporate sustainability beyond the business case and into the realm of ecological science and strong sustainability, and sheds light on the paradox
The Role of Integrated Indicators in Exhibiting Business Contribution to Sustainable Development: a Survey of Sustainability Reporting Initiatives
Fernando Azcárate,Francisco Carrasco,Manuel Fernández
Revista de Contabilidad : Spanish Accounting Review , 2011,
Abstract: Pag. THE ROLE OF INTEGRATED INDICATORS IN EXHIBITING BUSINESS CONTRIBUTION TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A SURVEY OF SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING INITIATIVESEL PAPEL DE LOS INDICADORES INTEGRADOS EN LA CONTRIBUCIóN EMPRESARIAL AL DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE: UN ESTUDIO DE LAS INICIATIVAS PARA EL REPORTING DE SOSTENIBILIDADEl papel de los indicadores integrados en la contribución empresarial al desarrollo sostenible: un estudio de las iniciativas para el reporting de sostenibilidadThis paper aims to analyse the role of integrated indicators included in sustainability reporting initiatives in exhibiting business contribution to Sustainable Development.Content analysis of five core initiatives has been carried out to identify strong or weak sustainability arguments within the whole set of indicators. According to the findings, the analyzed initiatives raise a collection of integrated indicators that suggest managerial capture of the concept of Sustainable Development.El presente trabajo aborda el estudio de los indicadores integrados como elemento central para conseguir que las memorias de sostenibilidad cumplan el objetivo de mostrar la contribución que una organización realiza a la consecución del Desarrollo Sostenible. Para ello se ha realizado un análisis de contenido de cinco de las principales iniciativas internacionales que las empresas pueden utilizar como guía para elaborar sus memorias de sostenibilidad con el objetivo de identificar los indicadores integrados que proponen y evidenciar cuál es la visión de la sostenibilidad que en ellos subyace. Los resultados muestran que las iniciativas analizadas plantean un conjunto de indicadores integrados que favorece que las organizaciones puedan capturar el concepto de Desarrollo Sostenible.
Sustainable Development: Between Moral Injunctions and Natural Constraints
Charles Figuières,Hervé Guyomard,Gilles Rotillon
Sustainability , 2010, DOI: 10.3390/su2113608
Abstract: Sustainable development must satisfy the needs of present generations without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. Although it looks at the economic, environmental and social aspects of sustainability, this article focuses specifically on an analysis of the concept in conjunction with the use and protection of natural resources. It shows how taking account of environmental goods, including the finite nature of certain natural resources, can change the way economists deal with the issues of growth, development and equity between generations. In this context, after a brief historical perspective on the concept of development, the paper shows how the potential for substitutability between natural and manufactured capital, for example in production technologies, lead to two paradigms, that of weak sustainability and that of strong sustainability. These two approaches are presented in an effort to explain how their merits can be mutually reinforcing.
SUSTAINABILITY, NATURAL CAPITAL AND EFFICIENCY AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE IN ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
Pravdi？, Velimir
- , 1998,
Abstract: Sa？etak Education for a sustainable future must have defined basic terms, before it can count on success. In this sense the implementation of sustainability, of sustainable use of capital stocks, and, unfortunately of sustainable development, depends on the existence of clear ideas. The paper deals with some recent publications in the open literature, mostly by US nd UK economists. The concept of strong and weak sustainability is exemplified through the use of capital stocks of man–made, natural, human, and cultural kind. A discussionis also presented on the three basic questions pertaining to sustainability: the when?, what system?, and how long? The problem of sustainability is shown to be related to the problem of prediction, of which neither the natural nor the socio–economic sciences have a successful record. There are many opinions that the unpredictabilities are a consequence of inherent uncertainties, to which basic sciences have no proper answer. Finally the problem of efficiency is briefly discussed. Following Daly (1994) it is shown that the four classes of efficiency measures, the service, maintenance, growth, and ecosystem efficiencies, require a through understanding of the ecosystem/socio–economic relation for proper use in consequential action
Operator Convergence and the Structure of Physical Reality: Weak, Strong, and Uniform Limits as Models of Field, Mass, and Gravitation  [PDF]
Tafireyi Nemaura
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics (JAMP) , 2025, DOI: 10.4236/jamp.2025.138144
Abstract: We investigate bounded linear operators on separable Hilbert spaces and their convergence properties. We provide connections between uniform, strong, and weak convergence modes and interpret them in terms of gravitational, inertial, and field-based physical ontologies. Using a novel construct, the perturbation energy, we unify operator convergence theory with physical intuition. This paper contributes both a mathematical synthesis and an interpretive framework applicable to quantum mechanics, statistical mechanics, and emergent space-time theories.
On the indicator of weak sustainability
Zhao Jingzhu,
Zhao Jingzhu,Onno Kuik,Huib Jansen,Harmen Verbruggen,Johannes Baptist Opschoor
环境科学学报(英文版) , 1995,
Abstract: The indicator of weak sustainability was analyzed in this paper, and it was concluded that it canyield some useful insights of sustainability from some aspects. Some weaknesses of the indicator were pointedout, and the recommendations for its improvement were proposed.
Developing Strong and Hybrid Formulation for the Single Stage Single Period Multi Commodity Warehouse Location Problem: Theoretical Framework and Empirical Investigation  [PDF]
R. R. K. Sharma, Parag Tyagi, Vimal Kumar, Ajay Jha
American Journal of Operations Research (AJOR) , 2015, DOI: 10.4236/ajor.2015.53010
Abstract: We note that the Single Stage Single Period Multi Commodity Warehouse Location Problem (SSSPMCWLP) has been first attempted by Geoffrion and Graves [1], and that they use the weak formulation (in context of contribution of this paper). We give for the first time “strong” formulation of SSSPMCWLP. We notice advantages of strong formulation over weak formulation in terms of better bounds for yielding efficient Branch and Bound solutions. However, the computation time of “strong” formulation was discovered to be higher than that of the “weak” formulation, which was a major drawback in solving large size problems. To overcome this, we develop the hybrid strong formulation by adding only a few most promising demand and supply side strong constraints to the weak formulation of SSSPMCWLP. So, the formulations developed were put to test on various large size problems. Hybrid formulation is able to give better bound than the weak and takes much less CPU time than the strong formulation. So, a kind of trade off is achieved allowing efficiently solving large sized SSSPMCWLP in real times using hybrid formulation.
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