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OALib Journal期刊

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Inappropriate Prescription of Proton Pump Inhibitors in a Community Setting
Patrick Viet-Quoc Nguyen,Raja Tamaz
- , 2018,
Abstract: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely prescribed for gastrointestinal conditions, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease and dyspepsia, and for prevention of gastric ulcer. Although previous reports have described inappropriate prescription of PPIs in the hospital setting, data from the community are lacking
Evaluation of Prescribing Appropriateness and Initiatives to Improve Prescribing of Proton Pump Inhibitors at Vancouver General Hospital
Andrea Wan,Claire Dixon,Hafeez Dossa,Jenifer Tabamo,Karen Dahri,Katelyn Halpape,Mark Roberts,Shirin C Talkhi
- , 2018,
Abstract: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have proven clinical efficacy for a variety of indications. However, there is emerging evidence of adverse events associated with their long-term use. The emergence of these adverse events has reinforced the need to regularly evaluate the appropriateness of continuing PPI therapy, and to use only the lowest effective dose for the minimally indicated duration
Quantifying Candidacy for Deprescribing of Proton Pump Inhibitors among Long-Term Care Residents
Alanna Doell,Allison Bell,Ashley Walus,Jaclyn To
- , 2018,
Abstract: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a commonly prescribed drug class used to inhibit gastric acid secretion. They are prescribed for both treatment and prophylaxis of several gastrointestinal conditions. Although PPIs can be used safely in the short term, several serious adverse effects have been reported following long-term use, including increased risk of falls and fragility fractures. Long-term care home (LTCH) residents represent a population in which the long-term adverse effects of PPIs can be significant and PPI deprescribing should be considered when appropriate
Outcome after Discontinuation of Proton Pump Inhibitors at a Residential Care Site: Quality Improvement Project
Anita Lo,Candy Lee,Kiran Ubhi,Michael Milewski
- , 2017,
Abstract: Increased prescribing of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in the past few decades can be attributed mainly to long-term use of this type of therapy. Recent evidence indicates signals of harm associated with long-term use of PPIs, such as increased risk of Clostridium difficile infection, recurrence of C. difficile infection, and fracture. A few studies have assessed the effectiveness of step-down management of patients receiving long-term PPI therapy in ambulatory care settings. However, it is unknown whether PPIs can be discontinued in older people without return of gastrointestinal symptoms
Is There a Reason for the Proton Pump Inhibitor? An Assessment of Prescribing for Residential Care Patients in British Columbia
Aaron M Tejani,Adriel Chan,Angus Kinkade,Anthony C H Tung,Libby Liang
- , 2018,
Abstract: The use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may cause significant harm to patients in the residential care setting, as these patients are often frail with multiple morbidities. The extent of non–evidence-based use of PPIs in residential care sites of the Fraser Health Authority in British Columbia is unknown
Pregabalin Misuse and Abuse: A Scoping Review of Extant Literature
Amneh Al-Husseini,Marie Claire Van Hout,Mayyada Wazaify
- , 2018, DOI: 10.1177/0022042618759487
Abstract: Prescribing of pregabalin is increasing worldwide with public health concerns centering on misuse and abuse of prescribed and diverted pregabalin. To describe and map what is known about misuse and abuse of pregabalin, a scoping review of available published literature was undertaken. A scoping review methodology was used to identify and map available literature on misuse and abuse of prescribed and diverted pregabalin. Four themes emerged on the misuse and abuse of pregabalin: (a) abuse potential, (b) prevalence of abuse, (c) risk and predisposition, and (d) consequences of abuse. Fifty-four records were reviewed and charted. Of note was the dearth of research on the topic prior to 2005, with increased interest in pregabalin abuse potential from 2010 onward. Available literature supports concern around abuse potential of pregabalin, especially among patients with a history of substance abuse. Prescribers should adopt more rational prescribing
Benzodiazepine Use and Misuse Among Patients in a Methadone Program
Kevin W Chen, Christine C Berger, Darlene P Forde, Christopher D'Adamo, Eric Weintraub, Devang Gandhi
BMC Psychiatry , 2011, DOI: 10.1186/1471-244x-11-90
Abstract: An anonymous survey was carried out at a methadone program in Baltimore, MD, and all patients were invited to participate through group meetings and fliers around the clinic on a voluntary basis. Of the 205 returned questionnaires, 194 were complete and entered into final data analysis. Those who completed the questionnaire were offered a $5 gift card as an appreciation.47% of the respondents had a history of BZD use, and 39.8% used BZD without a prescription. Half of the BZD users (54%) started using BZD after entering the methadone program, and 61% of previous BZD users reported increased or resumed use after entering methadone program. Compared to the non-users, BZD users were more likely to be White, have prescribed medication for mental problems, have preexistent anxiety problems before opiate use, and had anxiety problems before entering methadone program. They reported more mental health problems in the past month, and had higher scores in anxiety state, depression and perceived stress (p < .05).Important information on epidemiology of BZD misuse among methadone-maintenance patients suggests that most methadone programs do not address co-occurring anxiety problems, and methadone treatment may trigger onset or worsening of BZD misuse. Further study is needed to explore how to curb misuse and abuse of BZD in the addiction population, and provide effective treatments targeting simultaneously addiction symptoms, anxiety disorders and BZD misuse.Benzodiazepines (BZD) misuse and abuse is a serious public health problem in the United States. This problem is especially pertinent among those with opiate dependence [1] because these individuals are more likely to experience elevated anxiety after stopping use of opiates, with increased risk of using BZD as an anxiety coping strategy [2]. In addition, it has been shown that individuals who abuse BZD are at increased risk of continuing opiate abuse [3]and failing to stay in methadone treatment [4,5]. BZD use has also bee
Misuse of prescription and illicit drugs among high-risk young adults in Los Angeles and New York
Stephen E. Lankenau,Sheree M. Schrager,Karol Silva,Alex Kecojevic
Journal of Public Health Research , 2012, DOI: 10.4081/jphr.2012.e6
Abstract: Background. Prescription drug misuse among young adults is increasingly viewed as a public health concern, yet most research has focused on student populations and excluded high-risk groups. Furthermore, research on populations who report recent prescription drug misuse is limited. This study examined patterns of prescription drug misuse among high-risk young adults in Los Angeles (LA) and New York (NY), which represent different local markets for illicit and prescription drugs. Design and Methods. Between 2009 and 2011, 596 young adults (16 to 25 years old) who had misused prescription drugs within the past 90 days were interviewed in Los Angeles and New York. Sampling was stratified to enroll three groups of high-risk young adults: injection drug users (IDUs); homeless persons; and polydrug users. Results. In both sites, lifetime history of receiving a prescription for an opioid, tranquilizer, or stimulant was high and commonly preceded misuse. Moreover, initiation of opioids occurred before heroin and initiation of prescription stimulants happened prior to illicit stimulants. NY participants more frequently misused oxycodone, heroin, and cocaine, and LA participants more frequently misused codeine, marijuana, and methamphetamine. Combining prescription and illicit drugs during drug using events was commonly reported in both sites. Opioids and tranquilizers were used as substitutes for other drugs, e.g., heroin, when these drugs were not available. Conclusion. Patterns of drug use among high-risk young adults in Los Angeles and New York appear to be linked to differences in local markets in each city for illicit drugs and diverted prescription drugs.
Association between altitude, prescription opioid misuse, and fatal overdoses
Amanda V. Bakian,Kai T. Renshaw,Lindsay S. Scholl,Perry F. Renshaw,Shami Kanekar,Young-Hoon Sung
- , 2019, DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2019.100167
Abstract: Prescription opioid misuse and fatal overdoses have increased significantly over the last two decades. Living at altitude has been linked to greater reward benefits of other drugs of abuse, and living at altitude may also exacerbate the respiratory depression linked to opioid use. Therefore, we examined the relationships between living at altitude, and prescription opioid misuse and fatal overdoses
Development of the Older Adult Prescription Drug Assessment Questionnaire for Case Workers
Jarod T. Giger,Karen L. Slovak,Natalie D. Pope
- , 2018, DOI: 10.1177/0733464816655437
Abstract: Instruments assessing geriatric case managers’ perceptions of prescription abuse are limited. Based on a review of current literature and pilot testing feedback, 22 items were initially assembled to form an older adult Prescription Drug Assessment Questionnaire (PDAQ). Case managers (N = 161) at an older adult agency located in a Midwestern state were surveyed using the instrument. Data were subjected to exploratory factor analysis using principal axis factoring (PAF) and Promax rotation, and Horn’s parallel analysis determined the number of extracted factors. PAF generated a final 11-item three-factor model accounting for 51% of total variance explained: Standard Assessment (Factor 1; four items; ∞ = .83), Assessment Belief (Factor 2; three items; ∞ = .74), and Problem Scope (Factor 3; four items; ∞ = .62). The older adult PDAQ is a brief, data-driven instrument with acceptable psychometric properties for assessing perceptions of prescription drug abuse and misuse assessment and counseling
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