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Food Fight: The Cinema of Consumption in Wartime Britain
Richard Farmer
United Academics Journal of Social Sciences , 2012,
Abstract: This paper explores some of the different ways in which British films of thewar years used food, and will suggest that the frequent use of food imagery in Britishwartime cinema is linked to a wider cultural and societal interest in the subject.Film and the Construction of a Communal Idea. This paper can be understood as contributing to the ongoing debate that surrounds the construction of British identity during the Second World War, and proposes that food was one element in a more general attempt to imagine the British nation in communaland collective terms.
SOVIET TRADE, IN 30-40 YEARS XX CENTURY
Olga Aborvalova
Sovremennye Issledovania Social？nyh Problem , 2012,
Abstract: This article discusses the development of trade in 30-40 years. XX century. This period is distinguished from the failure of the new economic policy, development of the rule of a centralized distribution system, the prevalence of state trading, as well as the strengthening of the administrative-command system.
CIRCUMSTANCES IN DALMATIA DURING THE REIGN OF EMPEROR CHARLES
Jelaska Marijan, Zdravka
- , 2014,
Abstract: Sa？etak This work presents the situation in the Austrian province of Dalmatia from the end of 1916 to the end of the First World War. In the lives of its inhabitants, this period was characterized by hardships, with starvation the most severe among them. Many problems confronted by the civilian population were connected to the consequences of the First World War on life in the hinterland. The particularities of political life are shown in their main contours
Legal support to gain access to medical treatment in the current healthcare system is unproductive
Chandrima Ghosh,Iftikhar Khan,Milind Shrotri,Sayantan Bhattacharya
- , 2019, DOI: 10.1177/0025817219845242
Abstract: The National Health Service in UK is facing grave financial crisis. Recently, 65% of Acute Trusts have reported a collective deficit of ￡2.5 billion. This financial crunch has had significant impact on patient care and sustenance of essential healthcare services. In order to thrive, the National Health Service has begun significant rationing of treatment which has become increasingly apparent in recent times, exposing the National Health Service to legal challenges. This article reviews the current state of the National Health Service from a legal perspective
Contestability and Collateral in Credit Markets with Adverse Selection  [PDF]
Giovanni Cesaroni
Theoretical Economics Letters (TEL) , 2012, DOI: 10.4236/tel.2012.21010
Abstract: The work discusses a basic proposition in the theory of competition in markets with adverse selection. By working out the sequence of market transactions, we show that the effectiveness of collateral in avoiding equilibrium rationing depends on an assumption of uncontestability of the loan market. If contestability is restored to its proper place, the sepa- ration of borrower by means of sufficient collateral does not impede the emergence of credit rationing, which results from a coordination failure among risk-neutral banks. As a consequence, even in a risk-neutral environment with suitable endowments, the use of collateral in credit contracts could not be a socially efficient screening-device. Our conclu- sion on rationing does not stand in contrast with a general result from Gale.
Design and implementation of a survey of senior Canadian healthcare decision-makers: Organization-wide resource allocation processes  [PDF]
Neale Smith, Craig Mitton, Alan Davidson, Jennifer Gibson, Stuart Peacock, Stirling Bryan, Cam Donaldson
Health (Health) , 2012, DOI: 10.4236/health.2012.411154
Abstract: A three-year research project based in British Columbia, Canada, is attempting to develop a framework and tools to assist healthcare system decision-makers achieve “high performance” in resource allocation. In pursuit of this objective, a literature search was conducted and two phases of primary data collection are being undertaken: an online survey of senior healthcare decision-makers, and in-depth case studies of potential “high performing” organizations. This paper addresses the survey phase; our aim is to provide a practical example of the mechanics of survey design, of benefit to those who want to better understand our forthcoming results, but also as an aid to other researchers grappling with the hard choices and trade-offs involved in the survey development process. Survey content is described in light of the existing literature, with discussion of the choices made by the research team to decide what questions and items would be included and excluded. The target population for the survey was senior managers in Canadian regional health authorities (or the closest equivalent organizations) in each of the 10 provinces and 3 territories. The paper dis- cusses how this sample was obtained, and describes the survey implementation process.
Rural Household’s Risk Attitude and Credit Rationing: The Case of Chongqing in China  [PDF]
Xinjun Pang, Yunwu Kuang, Xiaohong Gong
American Journal of Industrial and Business Management (AJIBM) , 2014, DOI: 10.4236/ajibm.2014.412079
Abstract: This paper identifies farmers’ risk attitude through ELCE method and problem design that conducts a survey of 237 rural households in Chongqing Municipality, and empirically studies the relationship between risk attitudes and credit rationing by utilizing Probit and Logit model. The results show that farmers’ risk attitude and credit rationing are a significant positive correlation. The stronger farmers’ risk aversion is, the more serious the demanded credit rationing becomes. Risk attitude which is determined the risk cost and risk premium, thus affects the credit behavior and credit rationing degree. In addition, distance of peasant’s residence away from the city and their land amount have a positive significant influence on credit rationing, while the factors, such as farmers’ education level, income, family labor force, have a negative significant effect on credit rationing. Based on these findings, the paper further analyzes the relationship between farmers’ credit using and credit rationing to farmers with different risk attitudes. Measures to relieve the farmer’s credit rationing must be taken from government, financial institutions and farmers respectively.
Information Asymmetry and Bank Credit Rationing for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Congo  [PDF]
Ngakosso Antoine, Etokabeka Stanislas, Dih Arnold Gustave
Open Journal of Social Sciences (JSS) , 2021, DOI: 10.4236/jss.2021.97004
Abstract: This work aims to analyze the factors that explain the bank credit rationing to small and medium sized enterprises in Congo. Based on the survey made by the BEA (2015) involving 289 small and medium sized enterprises (SMSE) related to the access to credit very small and medium sized enterprises (SMSE) in Congo, we achieve this objective by using the logistic regression. As results of estimations, baking credit rationing in Congo is influenced by six variables such as: submission of all information required by the banker to the client, the capacity to present mortgage guarantee, choice of credit line, formal accounting management, to be registered near the chamber of commerce, and have invested early 12 months.
Food rationing during World War two: a special case of sustainable consumption? Rationnement alimentaire pendant la seconde guerre mondiale : Un cas particulier de consommation durable ?
Iselin Theien
Anthropology of Food , 2009,
Abstract: This article explores some of the strategies applied by consumers for making-do during the Second World War in Norway. By reducing waste, using various substitutes and exploiting underused natural resources such as wild plants, birds, and alternative marine sources of nutrition, Norwegian consumers adapted their diet to a situation of food scarcity. However, their everyday consumption was primarily governed by the regulatory framework installed for dealing with the crisis, namely the rationing system. By 1942, almost all common foods had been placed under rationing. Despite of the many bureaucratic inconveniences of this system, it was largely supported by consumers, who accepted it as a socially just mechanism for distributing scarce resources. The article brings up the question of how far the willingness of consumers to accept rationing was a unique experience of the war, or whether one might imagine a similar design for purposes of sustainable consumption. Cet article explore quelques unes des stratégies utilisées par les consommateurs pour survivre pendant la 2è guerre mondiale en Norvège. En limitant les déchets, en utilisant des produits de substitution ainsi que les ressources de la nature telles que plantes sauvages, oiseaux et aliments marins alternatifs, les consommateurs norvégiens ont pu adapter leur alimentation à cette période de pénurie alimentaire. La nourriture quotidienne était toutefois essentiellement encadrée par la réglementation mise en place afin de faire face à la crise, c’est à dire le système de rationnement. En 1942, presque tous les aliments étaient rationnés. En dépit de ses nombreux inconvénients administratifs, le rationnement fut quand même soutenu par les consommateurs, qui l’acceptèrent comme un système socialement équitable pour la distribution des maigres ressources. L’article développe la question suivante : l’acceptation du rationnement par les consommateurs norvégiens est-elle liée uniquement à la période de guerre, ou bien pourrait-on imaginer un système similaire pour favoriser une consommation durable?
ENTRE LA IGUALDAD Y LA EFICIENCIA EN MATERIA SANITARIA
Zú？iga Fajuri,Alejandra;
Acta bioethica , 2008, DOI: 10.4067/S1726-569X2008000200007
Abstract: this work considers the allocation methods of scarce medical resources budgeted for "health economics". cost-benefit models and the criteria qaly (quality-adjusted life-years) are analyzed as allocation methods that propose to resolve ethical dilemmas related to an economic distribution that seems to prioritize efficient results over more equitable, but inefficient, results.
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