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OALib Journal期刊

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Aspectos éticos e legais da assistência religiosa em hospitais psiquiátricos
Braghetta, Camilla Casaletti;Lucchetti, Giancarlo;Le？o, Frederico Camelo;Vallada, Candido;Vallada, Homero;Cordeiro, Quirino;
Revista de Psiquiatria Clínica , 2011, DOI: 10.1590/S0101-60832011000500004
Abstract: the religious assistance to inpatients with severe psychiatric disorders is a problem rarely discussed among psychiatrists. legal aspects ensure the right to religious assistance to such patients, although some specific aspects lead to reflection and caution in certain situations. thus, the main of the work is to discuss ethical, legal, scientific and religious aspects of religious assistance in psychiatric hospitals. it will also address some comments on the concepts of autonomy, beneficence and nonmaleficence, contained in bioethical principles. finally, it will be presented the experience of the jo？o evangelista hospital approach on such cases. in conclusion, ethical and legal conflicts can appear because patients have the right to receive a religious attendance. however, in some conditions, this assistance could lead to a worse in patient’s clinical status. family orientation and doctor-patient-hospital relationship are essential to resolve these conflicts.
Religiousness and mental health: a review
Moreira-Almeida, Alexander;Lotufo Neto, Francisco;Koenig, Harold G;
Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria , 2006, DOI: 10.1590/S1516-44462006005000006
Abstract: objective: the relationship between religiosity and mental health has been a perennial source of controversy. this paper reviews the scientific evidence available for the relationship between religion and mental health. method: the authors present the main studies and conclusions of a larger systematic review of 850 studies on the religion-mental health relationship published during the 20th century identified through several databases. the present paper also includes an update on the papers published since 2000, including researches performed in brazil and a brief historical and methodological background. discussion: the majority of well-conducted studies found that higher levels of religious involvement are positively associated with indicators of psychological well-being (life satisfaction, happiness, positive affect, and higher morale) and with less depression, suicidal thoughts and behavior, drug/alcohol use/abuse. usually the positive impact of religious involvement on mental health is more robust among people under stressful circumstances (the elderly, and those with disability and medical illness). theoretical pathways of the religiousness-mental health connection and clinical implications of these findings are also discussed. conclusions: there is evidence that religious involvement is usually associated with better mental health. we need to improve our understanding of the mediating factors of this association and its use in clinical practice.
Religiousness and mental health: a review
Moreira-Almeida Alexander,Lotufo Neto Francisco,Koenig Harold G
Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria , 2006,
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The relationship between religiosity and mental health has been a perennial source of controversy. This paper reviews the scientific evidence available for the relationship between religion and mental health. METHOD: The authors present the main studies and conclusions of a larger systematic review of 850 studies on the religion-mental health relationship published during the 20th Century identified through several databases. The present paper also includes an update on the papers published since 2000, including researches performed in Brazil and a brief historical and methodological background. DISCUSSION: The majority of well-conducted studies found that higher levels of religious involvement are positively associated with indicators of psychological well-being (life satisfaction, happiness, positive affect, and higher morale) and with less depression, suicidal thoughts and behavior, drug/alcohol use/abuse. Usually the positive impact of religious involvement on mental health is more robust among people under stressful circumstances (the elderly, and those with disability and medical illness). Theoretical pathways of the religiousness-mental health connection and clinical implications of these findings are also discussed. CONCLUSIONS: There is evidence that religious involvement is usually associated with better mental health. We need to improve our understanding of the mediating factors of this association and its use in clinical practice.
Role of religion and spirituality in medical patients: Confirmatory results with the SpREUK questionnaire
Arndt Büssing, Thomas Ostermann, Peter F Matthiessen
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes , 2005, DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-3-10
Abstract: In order to re-validate our previously described SpREUK instrument, reliability and factor analysis of the new inventory (Version 1.1) were performed according to the standard procedures. The test sample contained 257 German subjects (53.3 ± 13.4 years) with cancer (51%), multiple sclerosis (24%), other chronic diseases (16%) and patients with acute diseases (7%).As some items of the SpREUK construct require a positive attitude towards SpR, these items (item pool 2) were separated from the others (item pool 1). The reliability of the 15-item the construct derived from the item pool 1 respectively the 14-item construct which refers to the item pool 2 both had a good quality (Cronbach's alpha = 0.9065 resp. 0.9525). Factor analysis of item pool 1 resulted in a 3-factor solution (i.e. the 6-item sub-scale 1: "Search for meaningful support"; the 6-item sub-scale 2: "Positive interpretation of disease"; and the 3-item sub-scale 3: "Trust in external guidance") which explains 53.8% of variance. Factor analysis of item pool 2 pointed to a 2-factor solution (i.e. the 10-item sub-scale 4: "Support in relations with the External life through SpR" and the 4-item sub-scale 5: "Support of the Internality through SpR") which explains 58.8% of variance. Generally, women had significantly higher SpREUK scores than male patients. Univariate variance analyses revealed significant associations between the sub-scales and SpR attitude and the educational level.The current re-evaluation of the SpREUK 1.1 questionnaire indicates that it is a reliable, valid measure of distinct topics of SpR that may be especially useful of assessing the role of SpR in health related research. The instrument appears to be a good choice for assessing a patients interest in spiritual concerns which is not biased for or against a particular religious commitment. Moreover it addresses the topic of "positive reinterpretation of disease" which seems to be of outstanding importance for patients with life-changing
Curandeirismo e o campo da saúde no Brasil
Puttini, Rodolfo Franco;
Interface - Comunica？？o, Saúde, Educa？？o , 2008, DOI: 10.1590/S1414-32832008000100008
Abstract: the general aim of the present paper was to contribute towards the discussion on the field of healthcare. specifically, the aim was to contribute towards reflections on the hegemonic power of medicine and its relationships with practices of faith healing. taking into account the field and habitus of pierre bourdieu's theory, faith healing is discussed based on a review of the concept of trance in the intellectual field as an object of scientific habitus formed between medical practice and religious practice. finally, by means of contemporary themes shared by social sciences and public health, it is shown how faith healing - a negative term within the field of medicine - is transformed into a positive term within the field of public health.
Espiritualidade no paciente em diálise: o nefrologista deve abordar?
Lucchetti, Giancarlo;Almeida, Luiz Guilherme Camargo de;Granero, Alessandra Lamas;
Jornal Brasileiro de Nefrologia , 2010, DOI: 10.1590/S0101-28002010000100020
Abstract: introduction: studies on the relationship between spirituality and health are increasingly common in the international literature, showing the association of spirituality with lower levels of depression and anxiety, better quality of life, and lower hospitalization and mortality rates. objectives: to evaluate the relationship between spirituality/religiosity and health in dialysis patients. methods: a literature review was conducted through search in the scielo, lilacs, medline, and psycin-fo data banks. articles addressing the association between spirituality/religiosity and health in dialysis patients were selected. results: higher levels of spirituality and religiosity were associated with better quality of life, less depression, greater social support, higher satisfaction with life, and more satisfaction with the nephrologist';s treatment. similarly, less spiritualized dialysis patients asked more often for supportive therapy, such as orotracheal intubation. spirituality was a coping factor for the families of dialysis patients. the literature showed no relationship between spirituality and quality of sleep, compliance with treatment, and mortality. conclusion: spirituality and religiosity play an important role for dialysis patients. they are associated with important aspects of the physician-patient relationship, quality of life, and coping. thus, they should be valued by professionals caring for those patients.
Heresia, doen？a, crime ou religi？o: o Espiritismo no discurso de médicos e cientistas sociais
Giumbelli, Emerson;
Revista de Antropologia , 1997, DOI: 10.1590/S0034-77011997000200002
Abstract: from middle of 19th century until the 1940s, spiritists practices and doctrines mobilized medical thought through the dual projects of intellectual engagement and social intervention. this article examines texts written by physicians during this period (such as nina rodrigues and leonidio ribeiro), and explores the ways in which they define and analyse spiritism. the author's analysis identifies continuities and ruptures over the course of this historical period. in the 1930s, spiritism and possession cults in general served as key references for anthropological and sociological categories, signaling an important transformation in their status (arthur ramos is a key name). the author examines this process via an analysis of "mental hygiene", a category used by intelectuals in the 1920s and 1930s and closely linked to debates about the formation and fate of the brazilian nation.
BAPTISM OUT OF NECESSITY – A MEDICO-HISTORIOGRAFIC VIEW
DOKOZI？, DOMAGOJ,HABEK, DUBRAVKO,LUKI？, SANI
- , 2010,
Abstract: Sa？etak Baptism of necessity of life-threatened newborns was proclaimed by church law and related midwifery regulations From the second half of the 16th century. Midwives were for centuries the only lay persons attending the pregnant woman, parturient woman and newborn, so they were obliged to baptize newborns with life-threatening conditions, which were rather common and associated with high mortality in those times. Medical historiography has demonstrated this obligation of midwives in the town of Bjelovar and its surroundings, where parish registers of births, marriages and deaths contain data on numerous newborns baptized out of necessity
Evidencias médico antropológicas sobre el origen del Pishtaco
de Pribyl,Rosario;
Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública , 2010, DOI: 10.1590/S1726-46342010000100017
Abstract: this paper will contribute to the scientific development of a new approach on the pishtaco in peru by means of medical anthropological analysis. the model emphasizes presentation and analysis of historical, pharmaceutical, and anthropological evidence supporting use of human tissues with specific medical goals in peruvian and european regions. we can find the origin of this phenomenon around the sixteen and seventeen centuries in europe: the pishtaco has no an andean origin. the methodology and main conclusions of this paper could provide to the scientific community an alternative perspective to the conventional anthropological and ethnological research, as an example of a medical anthropological analysis of the pishtaco character. professionals involved in intercultural health projects could have a new insight on this issue thanks to these results. they will obtain an adequate historical-cultural context for the interpretation and understanding of people and native communities’ beliefs about health, body and medical systems.
St. Appolonia’s cult in Istria
Hraste, Juraj,Muzur, Amir,Rotschild, Vlasta,？krobonja, Ante
- , 2005,
Abstract: Sa？etak Aim. To investigate the history and current practice of worshipping St. Apollonia (the patron saint of dentistry) in Istria using hagiographic methods. Methods. Review of hagiographic literature and sacral iconography, including visits to sacral buildings and ethnographic museums and interviews with local priests and people acquainted with folk tradition. Results. A remarkably rich Istrian sacral heritage includes 13 localities with 14 churches worshipping St. Apollonia, of which one is dedicated to the saint. There are four frescoes, six paintings, and five statues featuring the saint and originating from between the 15th and 19th century. Conclusion. The review has shown that the cult of St. Apollonia as patron saint of teeth and guardian from tooth diseases is still alive in Istria, and it speaks of the importance of hagiotherapy and local ethnodentistry. The article also refers to St. Apollonia’s revival among dentists of the east Istrian and Kvarnerian seaboard who have been meeting on 9 February every year since 1991 to celebrate a mass dedicated to St. Apollonia. No won-der then that since 1995 St. Apollonia has been the official patron saint of the Croatian Dental Society, and has been featuring the emblem of this association
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