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Improving the Patient Discharge Planning Process through Knowledge Management by Using the Internet of Things  [PDF]
Nitya Ahilandam Kamalanathan, Alan Eardley, Caroline Chibelushi, Tim Collins
Advances in Internet of Things (AIT) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/ait.2013.32A003
Abstract:

The UK National Health Service (NHS) is faced with problems of managing patient discharge and preventing the problems that result from it such as frequent readmissions, delayed discharge, long waiting lists, bed blocking and other such consequences. The problem is exacerbated by the growth in size, complexity and the number of chronic diseases in the NHS. In addition, there is an increase in demand for high quality care, processes and planning. Effective Discharge Planning (DP) requires practitioners to have appropriate, patient personalised and updated knowledge in order to be able to make informed and holistic decisions about a patients’ discharge. This paper examines the role of Knowledge Management (KM) in both sharing knowledge and using tacit knowledge to create appropriate patient discharge pathways. The paper details the factors resulting in inadequate DP, and demonstrates the use of Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine2Machine (M2M) as candidate technologies and possible solutions which can help reduce the problem. The use of devices that a patient can take home and devices which are perused in the hospital generate information, which can serve useful when presented to the right person at the right time, thus harvesting knowledge. The knowledge when fed back can support practitioners in making holistic decisions with regards to a patients’ discharge.

Recent Advances in Machine-to-Machine Communications  [PDF]
Nian Xia, Chu-Sing Yang
Journal of Computer and Communications (JCC) , 2016, DOI: 10.4236/jcc.2016.45016
Abstract:

In the near future, there are expected to have at least billions of devices interconnected with each other. How to connect so many devices becomes a big issue. Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications serve as the fundamental underlying technologies to support such Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The characteristics and services requirements of machine type communication devices (MTCDs) are totally different from the existing ones. Existing network technologies, ranging from personal area networks to wide area networks, are not well suited for M2M communications. Therefore, we first investigate the characteristics and service requirements for MTCDs. Recent advances in both cellular and capillary M2M communications are also discussed. Finally, we list some open issues and future research directions.？

Fortifying the Digital Bastion: Pioneering Cybersecurity with Dynamic Secrets Management and CMDB Fusion in the Enterprise  [PDF]
Gyani Pillala
Journal of Information Security (JIS) , 2024, DOI: 10.4236/jis.2024.154023
Abstract: In the relentless quest for digital sovereignty, organizations face an unprecedented challenge in safeguarding sensitive information, protecting against cyber threats, and maintaining regulatory compliance. This manuscript unveils a revolutionary blueprint for cyber resilience, empowering organizations to transcend the limitations of traditional cybersecurity paradigms and forge ahead into uncharted territories of data security excellence and frictionless secrets management experience. Enter a new era of cybersecurity innovation and continued excellence. By seamlessly integrating secrets based on logical environments and applications (assets), dynamic secrets management orchestrates and automates the secrets lifecycle management with other platform cohesive integrations. Enterprises can enhance security, streamline operations, fasten development practices, avoid secrets sprawl, and improve overall compliance and DevSecOps practice. This enables the enterprises to enhance security, streamline operations, fasten development & deployment practices, avoid secrets spawls, and improve overall volume in shipping software with paved-road DevSecOps Practices, and improve developers’ productivity. By seamlessly integrating secrets based on logical environments and applications (assets), dynamic secrets management orchestrates and automates the application secrets lifecycle with other platform cohesive integrations. Organizations can enhance security, streamline operations, fasten development & deployment practices, avoid secrets sprawl, and improve overall volume in shipping software with paved-road DevSecOps practices. Most importantly, increases developer productivity.
Designing the Undersea Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine-to-Machine (M2M) Communications Using UnderWater Acoustic MIMO Networks
Athanasios G. Lazaropoulos
Trends in Renewable Energy , 2016, DOI: 10.17737/tre.2016.2.1.0017
Abstract: This review paper tries to assess the spectral-efficient (SE) and energy-efficient (EE) performance of underwater acoustic multiple-input multiple-output (UWA/MIMO) networks. Since UWA/MIMO networks define the cutting-edge communications platform of the future’s undersea IoT and M2M networks, the factors that influence their SE and EE performance are thoroughly examined in this paper. The contribution of this paper is three-fold. First, the performance of UWA/MIMO networks is studied with regard to appropriate transmission, SE and EE metrics. The SE and EE performance of these networks drastically depends on the used frequency band, the transmitted power, the MIMO scheme properties, the power consumption profile of the deployed UWA system equipment and the topological characteristics of MIMO configurations. In order to achieve the transition from traditional UWA single-input single-output (UWA/SISO) networks to UWA/MIMO networks, a new singular value decomposition MIMO (SVD/MIMO) module, which also permits the theoretical computation of the aforementioned transmission, SE and EE metrics in UWA networks, is first presented. Second, based on the aforementioned transmission, SE and EE metrics, a SE/EE trade-off relation is proposed in order to investigate the combined SE and EE performance of UWA/MIMO networks. On the basis of this SE/EE trade-off relation, it is first revealed that today’s UWA system equipment cannot support the further IoT broadband exploitation with satisfactory EE performance. Third, the concepts of multi-hop UWA communications and standard UWA topologies are outlined and promoted so that further SE and EE improvement can concurrently occur. These concepts are quantitatively validated by the SE and EE metrics as well as the SE/EE trade-off curves.
基于组件化和M2M的物联网系统开发范式研究
Research on Development Paradigm of Internet of Things System Based on Componentization and M2M  [PDF]
邱林山, 程良伦
Computer Science and Application (CSA) , 2023, DOI: 10.12677/CSA.2023.137148
Abstract: 随着物联网技术的不断发展，涌现了越来越多的物联网应用系统。物联网愿景是将尽可能多的设备变成屏蔽底层差异的服务，和互联网服务进行无缝的集成，为广大人民提供便利。但是，目前物联网应用大多采用封闭紧耦合的竖直型的范式进行开发，使用文本化编程的方式进行开发。这就带来了诸多的不便：开发门槛高、系统可维护性差、不便于跨平台、不便于设备集成。为此本文提出了组件化开发的模式，定义了组件模型，提出了基于组件化和M2M的物联网系统开发范式。本文提出的软件组件模型可以屏蔽系统开发过程中存在的平台、操作系统、编程语言、网络环境等高度异构的问题，实现应用程序的“Write Once, Run Anywhere”的能力。建立了组件化应用软件应用的模型，使用DAG图进行了形式化描述和验证，由本文提出的组件模型构成的应用程序符合有向无环图。提出了基于组件化的M2M的物联网系统开发范式，为高效快速的搭建跨平台、跨操作系统的物联网系统提供了可行的参考。根据组件模型，开发了数据采集组件、数据处理组件、数据展示组件，这些组件是可以跨平台的，实现了“Write Once, Run Anywhere”的特点，搭建了组件化的智能家居系统，验证了组件模型的有效性，所搭建组件的可用性，在基于Linux系统的树莓派和Windows系统的笔记本上运行组件的物联网系统，验证了组件的跨平台性，以及验证了本文组件的M2M的物联网开发范式的可用性。
With the continuous development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, more and more IoT appli-cation systems have emerged. The vision of the Internet of Things is to turn as many devices as pos-sible into services that shield the underlying differences, and seamlessly integrate with Internet services to provide convenience for the majority of people. However, at present, most of the IoT ap-plications are developed in a closed and tightly coupled vertical paradigm, and are developed by textual programming. This brings a lot of inconveniences: high development threshold, poor system maintainability, not convenient for cross-platform, and not convenient for equipment integration. To this end, this paper proposes the pattern of component-based development, defines the compo-nent model, and proposes the component-based and M2M based IoT system development paradigm. A component-based IoT system is built to verify the usability of the component model and development paradigm. The software component model proposed in this paper can abstract the highly heterogeneous issues in system development, such as platforms, operating systems, pro-gramming languages, and network environments, enabling the “Write Once, Run Anywhere” capa-bility of applications. A model for component-based application software is established, and a formal description and validation using a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) are performed. The application programs constructed using the proposed component model conform to the properties of a Directed Acyclic Graph. A component-based paradigm for M2M-based IoT system development is proposed, providing a feasible reference for efficiently and rapidly building cross-platform, cross-operating system IoT systems. Based on the component model, data acquisition components, data processing components, and data display components are developed, which are platform-independent and exhibit
Adapting LTE M-2-M Protocol Standard to Fulfil Latency Requirements for IEC 61850 GOOSE Messages  [PDF]
Ali M. Allam, Mohamed Saied, Ihab Aly
Int'l J. of Communications, Network and System Sciences (IJCNS) , 2015, DOI: 10.4236/ijcns.2015.85017
Abstract: Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) Messages face a great challenge in its communication requirements especially in latency point of view. The appearance of the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) has opened a new way that can be used due to its great performance, compared with previous wireless technologies. In order to use LTE technology within the GOOSE message transfer, several points must be put into consideration, and additional requirements need to be within both LTE User Equipment (UE) side and network side. In this paper, we are going to adapt part of the LTE standards to fulfil the requirements of GOOSE messages which needs latency more than or equal to 20 ms, using an experimental approach. The results show that LTE can satisfy the target requirements of latency within the acceptable Bit Error Rate (BER).
Intelligent Parking System  [PDF]
Abdul Ahad, Zishan Raza Khan, Syed Aqeel Ahmad
World Journal of Engineering and Technology (WJET) , 2016, DOI: 10.4236/wjet.2016.42014
Abstract: The searching of parking burns a lot of barrels of the world’s oil every day. Car parking problem is a major contributor in congestion of traffic and has been, still a major problem with increasing vehicle size in the luxurious segment and also confines parking spaces in urban cities. The rapid growth in the number of vehicles worldwide is intensifying the problem of the lack of parking space. As the global population continues to urbanize, without a well-planned, convenience-driven retreat from the car, these problems will worsen in many countries. The current unmanaged car parks and transportation facilities make it difficult to accommodate the increasing number of vehicles in a proper, convenient manner so it is necessary to have an efficient and smart parking system. Smart parking management systems are capable of providing extreme level of convenience to the drivers. In this paper, a proposed web App system, named “Park Easy” is based on the usage of smart phones, sensors monitoring techniques with a camera which is used as a sensor to take photos to show the occupancy of cars parks. By implementing this system, the utilization of parking spaces will increase. It allocates available parking space to a given driver to park their vehicle, renew the availability of the parking space when the car leaves and compute the charges due. Smart parking App, “Park Easy”, will also enable most important techniques to provide all the possible shortage route for parking from any area of the city mainly, it helps to predict accurately and sense spot/vehicle occupancy in real-time.
Steady-State Analysis of the Distributed Queueing Algorithm in a Single-Channel M2M Network  [PDF]
Romeo Nibitanga, Elijah Mwangi, Edward Ndung’u
Journal of Computer and Communications (JCC) , 2020, DOI: 10.4236/jcc.2020.89003
Abstract: The Distributed Queuing (DQ) algorithm is predicted as one of the solutions to the issues currently found in IoT networks over the use of Aloha based algorithms. Since recently, the algorithm has been of interest to many IoT researchers as a replacement of those Aloha variants for channel access. However, previous works analyzed and evaluated the DQ algorithm without any consideration of the stability of its queues, assuming it is stable for any given number of nodes in the network. In this paper, we define the DQ stability condition in a single-channel M2M environment considering a traffic model of periodic and urgent frames from each node in the network. Besides, a steady-state evaluation of the algorithm’s performance metrics is also presented. In general, the DQ algorithm, when it is stable, was observed not to efficiently use the contention slots for the collision resolution. In a single-channel environment, the DQ algorithm is found to outperform the Aloha based algorithms only in an idle-to-saturation scenario.
Potential Benefits and Obstacles of the Use of Internet of Things in Saudi Universities: Empirical Study  [PDF]
Najmah Adel Fallatah, Fahad Mahmoud Ghabban, Omair Ameerbakhsh, Ibrahim Alfadli, Wael Ghazy Alheadary, Salem Sulaiman Alatawi, Ashwaq Hasen Al-Shehri
Advances in Internet of Things (AIT) , 2024, DOI: 10.4236/ait.2024.141001
Abstract: Internet of Things (IoT) among of all the technology revolutions has been considered the next evolution of the internet. IoT has become a far more popular area in the computing world. IoT combined a huge number of things (devices) that can be connected through the internet. The purpose: this paper aims to explore the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) generally and outline the main definitions of IoT. The paper also aims to examine and discuss the obstacles and potential benefits of IoT in Saudi universities. Methodology: the researchers reviewed the previous literature and focused on several databases to use the recent studies and research related to the IoT. Then, the researchers also used quantitative methodology to examine the factors affecting the obstacles and potential benefits of IoT. The data were collected by using a questionnaire distributed online among academic staff and a total of 150 participants completed the survey. Finding: the result of this study reveals there are twelve factors that affect the potential benefits of using IoT such as reducing human errors, increasing business income and worker’s productivity. It also shows the eighteen factors which affect obstacles the IoT use, for example sensors’ cost, data privacy, and data security. These factors have the most influence on using IoT in Saudi universities.
TELECOMMUNICATIONS ASPECT OF FLEET MANAGEMENT
Franu？i？, Marino,Grakali？, Ivan,？tern, Andrej
- , 2013,
Abstract: Sa？etak Vehicle tracking and optimal route planning is important in the management of commercial vehicles. An important role in the above mentioned process is played by M2M systems called fleet management systems. The mobility of commercial vehicles influences the design of both hardware and software of the fleet management system. Thus, data transmission in mobile networks (such as GSM, UMTS and LTE) is crucial. This paper gives a review of current situation regarding FM systems with special focus on the problems and efforts regarding the mobile network and mobile data transfer. M2M communication as such cannot be profitable to mobile operators (because of the small amount of data being transmitted) and it also has new demands on the infrastructure, planning and traffic optimizing in mobile networks. Mobile operators will try to avoid changing physically their networks as long as possible by giving clients some administrative access to the SIM card management and GPRS will probably remain (for some time) the major technology used for FM systems
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